Propeller II update - BLOG

cgracey · 2013-06-26 20:42

Robert Schade wrote: »

Any information regarding power requirements? Just doing some preliminary work for our in-house development boards and need a ball park figure to proceed.

Many thanks

Rob

We don't know yet, but on our module we are using a 2-amp 1.8V switching power supply. It's possible that the chip could dissipate over two watts, going full-bore with everything running. Hopefully, we'll know what the power requirements are in 8 weeks when we hope to get a working chip back from the foundry.

David Betz · 2013-06-27 05:22

cgracey wrote: »

We don't know yet, but on our module we are using a 2-amp 1.8V switching power supply. It's possible that the chip could dissipate over two watts, going full-bore with everything running. Hopefully, we'll know what the power requirements are in 8 weeks when we hope to get a working chip back from the foundry.

8 weeks until a new chip! That's very exciting! Did you end up staying with TSMC or did you go to a different foundry?

brucee · 2013-06-27 11:24

2W seems like an awful lot, if that is indeed possible, you'll need to consider a thermally enhanced QFP (exposed pad type) and tie that into the PCB to dissipate that power.

It can't be just the logic, is that the peripheral analog circuitry? In which case the worst case won't be typical. In a standard QFP package of that size will see a 50 deg-C rise in junction temp/Watt. With most chips will begin failing at 150 C

Bill Henning · 2013-06-27 12:58

Chip,

Eight weeks is survivable, I'm crossing my fingers that everything works

Do you have an updated pinout for the modules, and descriptions of how you will handle the *DQM strapping?

cgracey wrote: »

We don't know yet, but on our module we are using a 2-amp 1.8V switching power supply. It's possible that the chip could dissipate over two watts, going full-bore with everything running. Hopefully, we'll know what the power requirements are in 8 weeks when we hope to get a working chip back from the foundry.

KC_Rob · 2013-06-30 09:10

brucee wrote: »

[Over] 2W seems like an awful lot, if that is indeed possible, you'll need to consider a thermally enhanced QFP (exposed pad type) and tie that into the PCB to dissipate that power.

Agreed, even as a theoretical maximum that seems a bit much.

jmg · 2013-06-30 16:03

brucee wrote: »

2W seems like an awful lot, if that is indeed possible, you'll need to consider a thermally enhanced QFP (exposed pad type) and tie that into the PCB to dissipate that power.

Exposed pad is a relatively simple change, (I think no die impact?) and it would be a good idea to bond some of the pilot run into Exposed -Pad QFP.

That way, Parallax can measure the differences, and decide if the performance gains, are worth the (small) added cost.

The Exposed Pad variants I like the most, are ones where the package designer thought to allow via-space between the exposed pad, and pin areas.
In a larger package like TQFP128, this should be practical.

jmg · 2013-06-30 17:41

Are there any updates on Prop 2 Counters documenting ?

- have some threads been removed from here ? Seems less than there was in my browser.

whicker · 2013-06-30 17:48

jmg wrote: »

Are there any updates on Prop 2 Counters documenting ?

- have some threads been removed from here ? Seems less than there was in my browser.

By default in the "Thread Display Options", only threads up to a month old are shown.

cgracey · 2013-06-30 17:53

jmg wrote: »

Are there any updates on Prop 2 Counters documenting ?

- have some threads been removed from here ? Seems less than there was in my browser.

I have been working on the new Spin compiler. I think I've got the interpreter code operable, but I must get the compiler done to prove it all. I've been working on this for over a month and so I haven't made any new documentation during this period. I really want to get the compiler operating, since that's the biggest thing hanging over my head, at this point. The rest is like a mop-up operation.

About a thermal-pad TQFP package: This could be done, but it will be a custom package design that will cost us $50k, since our die is too big for the thermal-pad package offered by our packager. If we see that the die works and runs hot, we'll spring for this, but first we must learn what we're dealing with.

Cluso99 · 2013-06-30 19:20

WTG Chip. I would love to see your interpreter code

Any chance you may post it yet?

cgracey · 2013-07-01 12:35

Here's the Spin2 Interpreter, so far:

Spin2interpreter.spin

CON

  base	= $E80

'
'
'***************
'* Interpreter *
'***************
'
DAT
			orgh	base
			org	$15B
'
'
' Append word to x - used to make $0xxxx or $1xxxx address
'
xword			rdbytec	y,ptra++

xword_ret		retd

			movf	x,y
			rdbytec	y,ptra++
			movf	x,y

'
'
' call obj.sub
' call obj.sub[]
' call obj[].sub
' call obj[].sub[]
' call sub
' call sub[]
' call ptr
'
call_obj		shl	x,#2			'lookup obj vbase/pbase offsets
			add	x,pbase
			rdlong	x,x

call_ptr		rol	x,#4			'set relative pbase
			add	pbase,x
			and	pbase,h0001FFF0

			ror	x,#16			'set relative vbase
			add	vbase,x
			and	vbase,h0001FFF0

call_sub		shl	y,#2			'lookup locals/pbase offsets
			add	y,pbase
			rdlong	y,y

			mov	dbase,dcall		'set call dbase
			add	dbase,#3

			setspb	dcall			'get old dcall
			popb	dcall

			getptra	x			'set return pcurr
			pushb	x

			setptra	pbase			'set call pcurr

			jmpd	#getbyte		'loop to getbyte, delayed

			addptra	y

			shr	y,#32-4			'add locals to dcurr
			addspa	y
'
'
' Bitfield addressing, pop and set bitfield parameters
'
bitfield		popa	bshift			'pop range lsb
			popa	bmask			'pop range msb

			and	bshift,#$1F		'trim lsb/msb
			and	bmask,#$1F

			cmp	bmask,bshift	wc	'reverse range?

	if_c		xor	bshift,bmask		'if reverse range, swap msb/lsb
	if_c		xor	bmask,bshift
	if_c		xor	bshift,bmask

			sub	bmask,bshift		'get number of bits
			add	bmask,#1

			neg	brev,bmask		'get rev count

bitfield_ret		retd				'return, delayed

			setbc	brev,#6			'save reverse flag

			blmask	bmask			'get bitlength mask
			shl	bmask,bshift		'bmask = mask, brev = reverse, bshift = lsb offset
'
'
' Write register, if OUTA..OUTD then update PINA..PIND (x = value)
'
writer			movd	writer_reg,addr
			movd	writer_pin,addr
			setb	writer_pin,#9+3
writer_reg		mov	$000,x

writer_ret		retd

			xor	addr,#$1F0
			test	addr,#$1FC	wz
writer_pin	if_z	mov	$000,x
'
'
' Do bitfield read (x = value)
'
readb			and	x,bmask

			jmpd	#getbyte

			shr	x,bshift
	if_c		rev	x,brev
			pusha	x
'
'
' Do bitfield write (bval = value, writeb_i = write instruction)
'
writeb			popa	x			'pop value to write
	if_c		rev	x,brev			'reverse bits?
			shl	x,bshift		'shift into position
			and	x,bmask			'mask bits
			andn	bval,bmask		'mask away original bits
			or	x,bval			'merge bits
writeb_i		pushbr	x			'call #writer / pushbr x / wrxxxx x,addr

writeb_ret		jmp	#getbyte
'
'
' Do bitfield assignment (bval = value, assignb_i = write instruction, mask = sized mask)
'
assignb_long		mov	mask,hFFFFFFFF		'set long mask

assignb			movs	jmpback,#assignb_ret	'set jmpback address to assignb_ret
			mov	x,bval			'save original value
			jmpd	#assign_op		'get math operator and execute, delayed

			and	x,bmask			'extract bitfield for operation
			shr	x,bshift
	if_c		rev	x,brev


assignb_ret		testb	brev,#6		wc	'snippet returns to here, get reverse flag into c
			call	#writeb			'write bitfield
			movs	writeb_ret,#getbyte	'restore jump to getbyte

			and	x,mask			'mask it
			jmpd	#assign_p		'push it (optional), delayed

			and	x,bmask			'extract bitfield for pushing
			shr	x,bshift
	if_c		rev	x,brev
'
'
' Do assignment (x = value, assign_i = write instruction, mask = sized mask)
'
assign_local		mov	assign_i,pushbrx	'set local write
assign_long		mov	mask,hFFFFFFFF		'set long mask

assign			movs	jmpback,#assign_ret	'set jmpback address to :ret

assign_op		rdbytec	a,ptra++		'get math operator and flags
			setzc	a		wz,wc	'load flags, operator already in position
			muxz	assign_p,h003C0000	'set push condition to z

			jmpd	#hotbyte		'load and execute math snippet, delayed

	if_c		popa	y			'swap args?
			pusha	x
	if_c		pusha	y


assign_ret		popa	x			'snippet returns to here, pop value
assign_i		pushbr	x			'write it (call #writer / pushbr x / wrxxxx x,addr)

			and	x,mask			'mask it
assign_p		pusha	x			'push it (optional)

			movs	jmpback,#getbyte	'replace jmpback address, getbyte next
'
'
' Get byte code, look up descriptor long, load code longs in-line, execute, repeat
'
getbyte			rdbytec	a,ptra++	wz	'	get byte code, extended?

	if_z		rdbytec	a,ptra++		'	if extended, get extended byte code
	if_z		or	a,#$100			'	...and add offset

			shl	a,#2			'	shift to make long offset

hotbyte			add	a,descbase		'	add base address of descriptor longs

			rdlong	x,a			'..2	get descriptor long

			movd	:reps,x			'3	descriptor[8..0] holds code longs minus 1

			shr	x,#7			'4	descriptor[23..7] is code offset
			setptrb	x			'5	point PTRB to code longs

:reps			reps	#1,#1			'6	ready for fast in-line code load
			setindb	#snippet		'7	point INDB to in-line code
			rdlongc	indb++,ptrb++		'0..	load code longs in-line using cached read

			mov	indb++,jmpback		'+1	finish in-line code with 'jmp #getbyte'
			shr	x,#25-7		wz,wc	'+1	descriptor[31..25] is a value, [24] is C

snippet			long	0[22]			'?	execute in-line code snippet, loop
'
'
' Constants
'
pushbrx			pushbr	x
callwriter		call	#writer
jmpback			jmp	#getbyte

descbase		long	@descs-4		'account for $01 offset

h0001FFF0		long	$0001FFF0		'vbase/pbase mask
h003C0000		long	$003C0000		'conditional field bits
hFFFFFFFF		long	$FFFFFFFF		'all bits

x			long	0			'variables
y			long	0
a			long	0
b			long	0

addr			long	0			'assignment
mask			long	0

bshift			long	0			'bitfield addressing
bmask			long	0
brev			long	0
bval			long	0

dcall			long	0			'		pointer
dbase			long	0			'		pointer

outa			long	0			'@$1F0		OUTA..OUTD
outb			long	0			'@$1F1		(writes update PINA..PIND)
outc			long	0			'@$1F2
outd			long	0			'@$1F3

vbase			long	0			'@$1F4		pointer
pbase			long	0			'@$1F5		pointer
'
'
'************************
'* Bytecode Descriptors *
'************************
'
descs

' variable modifiers (14)

op_writep	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_clr     << 7 + 0	'write w/push	%10 push
op_rep		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rep     << 7 + 12	'repeat var	%00 no
op_clr		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_clr     << 7 + 1	'clear		%00 no
op_clrpost	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_clrpost << 7 + 0	'clear post	%00 push
op_set		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_set     << 7 + 1	'set		%00 no
op_setpost	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_setpost << 7 + 0	'set post	%00 push
op_incpre	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3	'inc pre / inc	%10 push / %00 no
op_incpost	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3	'inc post	%00 push
op_decpre	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3	'dec pre / dec 	%10 push / %00 no
op_decpost	long	%0000001_1 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3	'dec post	%00 push
op_incmod	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6	'incmod		%00 no
op_incmodp	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6	'incmod w/push	%00 push
op_decmod	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6	'decmod		%00 no
op_decmodp	long	%0000001_1 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6	'decmod w/push	%00 push

' unaries (23)

op_notb		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_notb    << 7 + 2	'NOT		%x0
op_not		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_not     << 7 + 2	'!		%x0
op_neg		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_neg     << 7 + 2	'-		%x0
op_abs		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_abs     << 7 + 2	'||		%x0
op_enc		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_enc     << 7 + 2	'>|		%x0
op_decod5	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod5  << 7 + 2	'|<, DECOD5(x)	%x0
op_decod4	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod4  << 7 + 2	'DECOD4(x)	%x0
op_decod3	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod3  << 7 + 2	'DECOD3(x)	%x0
op_decod2	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod2  << 7 + 2	'DECOD2(x)	%x0
op_blmask	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_blmask  << 7 + 2	'BLMASK(x)	%x0
op_onecnt	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_onecnt  << 7 + 2	'ONECNT(x)	%x0
op_zercnt	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_zercnt  << 7 + 2	'ZERCNT(x)	%x0
op_incpat	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_incpat  << 7 + 2	'INCPAT(x)	%x0
op_decpat	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_decpat  << 7 + 2	'DECPAT(x)	%x0
op_bingry	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_bingry  << 7 + 2	'BINGRY(x)	%x0
op_grybin	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_grybin  << 7 + 2	'GRYBIN(x)	%x0
op_mergew	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_mergew  << 7 + 2	'MERGEW(x)	%x0
op_splitw	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_splitw  << 7 + 2	'SPLITW(x)	%x0
op_seussf	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_seussf  << 7 + 2	'SEUSSF(x)	%x0
op_seussr	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_seussr  << 7 + 2	'SEUSSR(x)	%x0
op_sqrt		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_sqrt    << 7 + 4	'SQRT(x)	%x0
op_qlog		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_qlogexp << 7 + 5	'QLOG(x)	%x0
op_qexp		long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_qlogexp << 7 + 5	'QEXP(x)	%x0

' binaries (23)

op_andb		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_andb    << 7 + 4	'AND		%x1
op_orb		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_orb     << 7 + 4	'OR		%x1
op_xorb		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_xorb    << 7 + 5	'XOR		%x1
op_andn		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_andn    << 7 + 3	'&!		%x1
op_and		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_and     << 7 + 3	'&		%x1
op_or		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_or      << 7 + 3	'|		%x1
op_xor		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_xor     << 7 + 3	'^		%x1
op_ror		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_ror     << 7 + 3	'->		%x1
op_rol		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rol     << 7 + 3	'<-		%x1
op_shr		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_shr     << 7 + 3	'>>		%x1
op_shl		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_shl     << 7 + 3	'<<		%x1
op_sar		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_sar     << 7 + 3	'~>		%x1
op_sal		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_sal     << 7 + 5	'<~		%x1
op_rev		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rev     << 7 + 4	'><		%x1
op_mins		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_mins    << 7 + 3	'#>		%x1
op_maxs		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_maxs    << 7 + 3	'<#		%x1
op_add		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_add     << 7 + 3	'+		%x1
op_sub		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_sub     << 7 + 3	'-		%x1
op_mul		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_mul     << 7 + 6	'*		%x1
op_scl		long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_scl     << 7 + 6	'**		%x1
op_quo		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_divx    << 7 + 7	'/		%x1
op_rem		long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_divx    << 7 + 7	'//		%x1
op_fra		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_fra     << 7 + 7	'*/		%x1

' equality tests (6)

op_b		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_b       << 7 + 4	'<
op_a		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_a       << 7 + 4	'>
op_ne		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_ne      << 7 + 4	'<>
op_eq		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_eq      << 7 + 4	'==
op_be		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_be      << 7 + 4	'=< / <=
op_ae		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_ae      << 7 + 4	'=> / >=

' math terms (8)

op_quo64	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10	'QUO64(al,ah,b)
op_quo64u	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10	'QUO64U(al,ah,b)
op_rem64	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10	'REM64(al,ah,b)
op_rem64u	long	%0000001_1 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10	'REM64U(al,ah,b)
op_sqrt64	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_sqrt64  << 7 + 6	'SQRT64(l,h)
op_negb		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_negb    << 7 + 3	'NEGB(x,bool)
op_muxb		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_muxb    << 7 + 4	'MUXB(x,y,bool)
op_ternary	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_ternary << 7 + 4	'sel ? true : false

' math procedures (20)

op_mul64	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_mul64   << 7 + 9	'MUL64(a,b : l,h)
op_mulu64	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_mul64   << 7 + 9	'MUL64U(a,b : l,h)
op_div64	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_div64   << 7 + 11	'DIV64(a,b : l,h)
op_divu64	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_div64   << 7 + 11	'DIV64U(a,b : l,h)
op_qsincos	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_qtrig   << 7 + 12	'QSINCOS(r,t : x,y)
op_qarctan	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_qtrig   << 7 + 12	'QARCTAN(x,y : r,t)
op_qrotate	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_qtrig   << 7 + 12	'QROTATE(x,y,t : x,y)
op_setqi	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_div64   << 7 + 1	'SETQI(x)
op_clraccs	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_clraccs << 7 + 0	'CLRACCS
op_clracca	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_clracca << 7 + 0	'CLRACCA
op_clraccb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_clraccb << 7 + 0	'CLRACCB
op_fitaccs	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_fitaccs << 7 + 0	'FITACCS
op_fitacca	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_fitacca << 7 + 0	'FITACCA
op_fitaccb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_fitaccb << 7 + 0	'FITACCB
op_setacca	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_setacca << 7 + 2	'SETACCA(l,h)
op_setaccb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_setaccb << 7 + 2	'SETACCB(l,h)
op_getacca	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_getacca << 7 + 3	'GETACCA(l,h)
op_getaccb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_getaccb << 7 + 3	'GETACCB(l,h)
op_maca		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_maca    << 7 + 2	'MACA(x,y)
op_macb		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_macb    << 7 + 2	'MACB(x,y)

' constants (13)

op_con1n	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_conxn    << 7 + 1	'constant -1
op_con0		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_conxp    << 7 + 0	'constant 0
op_con1		long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_conxp    << 7 + 0	'constant 1
op_con8p	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con8p    << 7 + 1	'constant $000000xx
op_con9p	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con9p    << 7 + 2	'constant $000001xx
op_con8n	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con8n    << 7 + 2	'constant $FFFFFFxx
op_con16p	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con16p   << 7 + 3	'constant $0000xxxx
op_con17p	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con17p   << 7 + 3	'constant $0001xxxx
op_con16n	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con16n   << 7 + 4	'constant $FFFFxxxx
op_con24p	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con24    << 7 + 4	'constant $00xxxxxx
op_con24n	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_con24    << 7 + 4	'constant $FFxxxxxx
op_con32	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_con32    << 7 + 4	'constant $xxxxxxxx
op_conexp	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_conexp   << 7 + 4	'constant 2^n,dec,not

' register reads/writes/assigns (6)

op_rdreg	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdreg    << 7 + 4	'read register
op_wrreg	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrreg    << 7 + 2	'write register
op_asreg	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_asreg    << 7 + 5	'assign register

op_rdregb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdregb    << 7 + 6	'read register bitfield
op_wrregb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrregb    << 7 + 6	'write register bitfield
op_asregb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_asregb    << 7 + 6	'assign register bitfield

' local reads/writes/assigns (54)

op_rdloc0	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 0
op_rdloc1	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 1
op_rdloc2	long	%0000010_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 2
op_rdloc3	long	%0000011_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 3
op_rdloc4	long	%0000100_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 4
op_rdloc5	long	%0000101_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 5
op_rdloc6	long	%0000110_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 6
op_rdloc7	long	%0000111_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 7
op_rdloc8	long	%0001000_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 8
op_rdloc9	long	%0001001_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 9
op_rdloc10	long	%0001010_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 10
op_rdloc11	long	%0001011_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 11
op_rdloc12	long	%0001100_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 12
op_rdloc13	long	%0001101_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 13
op_rdloc14	long	%0001110_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 14
op_rdloc15	long	%0001111_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3	'read local 15

op_wrloc0	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 0
op_wrloc1	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 1
op_wrloc2	long	%0000010_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 2
op_wrloc3	long	%0000011_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 3
op_wrloc4	long	%0000100_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 4
op_wrloc5	long	%0000101_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 5
op_wrloc6	long	%0000110_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 6
op_wrloc7	long	%0000111_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 7
op_wrloc8	long	%0001000_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 8
op_wrloc9	long	%0001001_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 9
op_wrloc10	long	%0001010_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 10
op_wrloc11	long	%0001011_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 11
op_wrloc12	long	%0001100_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 12
op_wrloc13	long	%0001101_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 13
op_wrloc14	long	%0001110_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 14
op_wrloc15	long	%0001111_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3	'write local 15

op_asloc0	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 0
op_asloc1	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 1
op_asloc2	long	%0000010_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 2
op_asloc3	long	%0000011_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 3
op_asloc4	long	%0000100_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 4
op_asloc5	long	%0000101_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 5
op_asloc6	long	%0000110_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 6
op_asloc7	long	%0000111_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 7
op_asloc8	long	%0001000_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 8
op_asloc9	long	%0001001_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 9
op_asloc10	long	%0001010_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 10
op_asloc11	long	%0001011_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 11
op_asloc12	long	%0001100_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 12
op_asloc13	long	%0001101_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 13
op_asloc14	long	%0001110_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 14
op_asloc15	long	%0001111_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3	'assign local 15

op_rdloci	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdloci   << 7 + 6	'read local indexed
op_wrloci	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrloci   << 7 + 6	'write local indexed
op_asloci	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_asloci   << 7 + 6	'assign local indexed

op_rdlocb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdlocb   << 7 + 5	'read local bitfield
op_wrlocb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrlocb   << 7 + 6	'write local bitfield
op_aslocb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_aslocb   << 7 + 6	'assign local bitfield

' memory reads/writes/assigns (18)

op_rdbyte	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdbyte   << 7 + 2	'read byte
op_rdword	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdword   << 7 + 2	'read word
op_rdlong	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdlong   << 7 + 2	'read long

op_wrbyte	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrbyte   << 7 + 2	'write byte
op_wrword	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrword   << 7 + 2	'write word
op_wrlong	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrlong   << 7 + 2	'write long

op_asbyte	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_asbyte   << 7 + 5	'assign byte
op_asword	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_asword   << 7 + 6	'assign word
op_aslong	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_aslong   << 7 + 4	'assign long

op_rdbyteb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdbyteb  << 7 + 3	'read byte bitfield
op_rdwordb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdwordb  << 7 + 3	'read word bitfield
op_rdlongb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdlongb  << 7 + 3	'read long bitfield

op_wrbyteb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrbyteb  << 7 + 5	'write byte bitfield
op_wrwordb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrwordb  << 7 + 5	'write word bitfield
op_wrlongb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrlongb  << 7 + 5	'write long bitfield

op_asbyteb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_asbyteb  << 7 + 6	'assign byte bitfield
op_aswordb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_aswordb  << 7 + 7	'assign word bitfield
op_aslongb	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_aslongb  << 7 + 5	'assign long bitfield

' memory offsets and indexing (7)

op_vbase0	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3	'vbase $0xxxx
op_pbase0	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3	'pbase $0xxxx
op_vbase1	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3	'vbase $1xxxx
op_pbase1	long	%0000001_1 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3	'pbase $1xxxx

op_ibyte	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_index    << 7 + 4	'byte index
op_iword	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_index    << 7 + 4	'word index
op_ilong	long	%0000010_0 << 24 + @_index    << 7 + 4	'long index

' branches jmp/jz/jnz/tjz/djnz (10)

op_jmp0		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_jmp      << 7 + 1	'jmp +$0xxxx
op_jmp1		long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_jmp      << 7 + 1	'jmp +$1xxxx

op_jz0		long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2	'jz +$0xxxx
op_jz1		long	%0000001_1 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2	'jz +$1xxxx

op_jnz0		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2	'jnz +$0xxxx
op_jnz1		long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2	'jnz +$1xxxx

op_tjz0		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_tjz      << 7 + 3	'tjz +$0xxxx
op_tjz1		long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_tjz      << 7 + 3	'tjz +$1xxxx

op_djnz0	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_djnz     << 7 + 4	'djnz +$0xxxx
op_djnz1	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_djnz     << 7 + 4	'djnz +$1xxxx

' anchor drops (4)

op_dropt	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6	'drop, \sub
op_droptr	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6	'drop, \sub w/result
op_drop		long	%0000010_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6	'drop,  sub
op_dropr	long	%0000011_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6	'drop,  sub w/result

' calls (7)

op_callos	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6	'call obj.sub
op_callosi	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6	'call obj.sub[]
op_callois	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6	'call obj[].sub
op_calloisi	long	%0000001_1 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6	'call obj[].sub[]
op_calls	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_callsub  << 7 + 3	'call sub
op_callsi	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_callsub  << 7 + 3	'call sub[]
op_callp	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_callptr  << 7 + 10	'call ptr

' returns (4)

op_return	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13	'RETURN
op_abort	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13	'ABORT
op_returnv	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13	'RETURN value
op_abortv	long	%0000001_1 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13	'ABORT value

' call pointer generation (5)

op_basesub	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_basesub  << 7 + 5	'vbase/pbase of current
op_baseobj	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_baseobj  << 7 + 16	'vbase/pbase of obj
op_baseobji	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_baseobj  << 7 + 16	'vbase/pbase of obj[]
op_subptr	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_subptr   << 7 + 11	'base.sub
op_subptri	long	%0000000_1 << 24 + @_subptr   << 7 + 11	'base.sub[]

' case (5)

op_casev0	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_casev    << 7 + 5	'case value, +$0xxxx branch
op_casev1	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_casev    << 7 + 5	'case value, +$1xxxx branch
op_caser0	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_caser    << 7 + 10	'case range, +$0xxxx branch
op_caser1	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_caser    << 7 + 10	'case range, +$1xxxx branch

op_casedone	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_casedone << 7 + 2	'case done

' lookup/lookdown (5)

op_lookupv	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookupv  << 7 + 9	'lookup value
op_lookupr	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookupr  << 7 + 14	'lookup range
op_lookdnv	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookdnv  << 7 + 9	'lookdown value
op_lookdnr	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookdnr  << 7 + 15	'lookdown range

op_lookdone	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookdone << 7 + 1	'lookup/lookdown done

' miscellaneous (6)

op_pop		long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_pop      << 7 + 1	'pop

op_clkset	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_clkset   << 7 + 1	'clkset
op_cogid	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_cogid    << 7 + 1	'cogid
op_coginit	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_coginit  << 7 + 6	'coginit
op_coginitp	long	%0000001_0 << 24 + @_coginit  << 7 + 6	'coginit w/push
op_cogstop	long	%0000000_0 << 24 + @_cogstop  << 7 + 1	'cogstop

'
'
'************
'* Snippets *
'************
'

'
'
' Variable modifiers
'
			org	snippet			'repeat-var loop (assign)

_rep			popa	mask			'pop var
			popa	y			'pop step
			popa	b			'pop terminal
			popa	a			'pop initial
			popa	addr			'pop branch offset

			cmps	b,a		wc	'get reverse range into c
			sumc	mask,y			'update var with step
			rcl	x,#1		wz	'get c into nz
	if_z		cmps	b,mask		wc	'if forward range, check if var > terminal
	if_nz		cmps	mask,b		wc	'if reverse range, check if var < terminal

	if_nc		subptra	addr			'if var within range, branch
	if_nc		addspa	#4			'..unpop offset/initial/terminal/step

			pusha	mask			'push new var


			org	snippet			'var~, clear and post-clear (assign)

_clr			popa	x			'clear, pop var (single pop also used by op_writep)
_clrpost		pusha	#0			'post-clear, push 0 (leave var on stack)


			org	snippet			'var~~, set and post-set (assign)

_set			popa	x			'set, pop var
_setpost		pusha	hFFFFFFFF		'post-set, push -1 (leave var on stack)


			org	snippet			'++var/--var/var++/var-- (assign)

_incdec			popa	x			'pop var
	if_nz		pusha	x			'if nz, push original var
			sumc	x,#1			'inc or dec var by c
			pusha	x			'push new var


			org	snippet			'INCMOD/DECMOD(var,limit) (assign)

_idmod			setbc	:i,#26			'set INCMOD/DECMOD by c
			popa	y			'pop limit
			popa	x			'pop var
:i			incmod	x,y		wc	'incmod/decmod, c=limit
	if_nz_and_nc	pusha	#0			'push false if nz and nc
	if_nz_and_c	pusha	hFFFFFFFF		'push true if nz and c
			pusha	x			'push new var
'
'
' Unary functions
'
			org	snippet

_notb			popa	x		wz	'NOT, boolean
			muxz	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_not			popa	x			'!, bitwise not
			not	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_neg			popa	x			'-, negate
			neg	x,x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_abs			popa	x			'||, absolute
			abs	x,x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_enc			popa	x			'>|, encode (0..32)
			enc	x,x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_decod5			popa	x			'|< / DECOD5(x)
			decod5	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_decod4			popa	x			'DECOD4(x)
			decod4	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_decod3			popa	x			'DECOD3(x)
			decod3	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_decod2			popa	x			'DECOD2(x)
			decod2	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_blmask			popa	x			'BLMASK(x)
			blmask	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_onecnt			popa	x			'ONECNT(x)
			onecnt	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_zercnt			popa	x			'ZERCNT(x)
			zercnt	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_incpat			popa	x			'INCPAT(x)
			incpat	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_decpat			popa	x			'DECPAT(x)
			decpat	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_bingry			popa	x			'BINGRY(x)
			bingry	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_grybin			popa	x			'GRYBIN(x)
			grybin	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_mergew			popa	x			'MERGEW(x)
			mergew	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_splitw			popa	x			'SPLITW(x)
			splitw	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_seussf			popa	x			'SEUSSF(x)
			seussf	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_seussr			popa	x			'SEUSSR(x)
			seussr	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_sqrt			popa	x			'SQRT(x)
			setsqrl	x
			getsqrt	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_qlogexp		popa	x			'QLOG(x), c=0
	if_nc		qlog	x			'QEXP(x), c=1
	if_c		qexp	x
			getqz	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x
'
'
' Binary functions
'
			org	snippet

_andb			popa	x		wz	'AND, boolean
	if_z		popa	x
	if_nz		popa	x		wz
			muxnz	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x
			

			org	snippet

_orb			popa	x		wz	'OR, boolean
	if_nz		popa	x
	if_z		popa	x		wz
			muxnz	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x
			

			org	snippet

_xorb			popa	y		wz	'XOR, boolean
			muxnz	y,hFFFFFFFF
			popa	x		wz
			muxnz	x,hFFFFFFFF
			xor	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_andn			popa	y			'&!, bitwise andnot
			popa	x
			andn	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_and			popa	y			'&, bitwise and
			popa	x
			and	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_or			popa	y			'|, bitwise or
			popa	x
			or	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_xor			popa	y			'^, bitwise xor
			popa	x
			xor	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_ror			popa	y			'->, rotate right
			popa	x
			ror	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_rol			popa	y			'<-, rotate left
			popa	x
			rol	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_shr			popa	y			'>>, shift right
			popa	x
			shr	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_shl			popa	y			'<<, shift left
			popa	x
			shl	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_sar			popa	y			'~>, shift arithmetic right
			popa	x
			sar	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_sal			popa	y			'<~, shift arithmetic left
			popa	x
			rev	x,#0
			sar	x,y
			rev	x,#0
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_rev			popa	y			'><, reverse bits
			popa	x
			neg	y,y
			rev	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_mins			popa	y			'|>, limit minimum
			popa	x
			mins	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_maxs			popa	y			'<|, limit maximum
			popa	x
			maxs	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_add			popa	y			'+, add
			popa	x
			add	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_sub			popa	y			'-, sub
			popa	x
			sub	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_mul			popa	y			'*, multiply and return lower long
			popa	x
			setmula	x
			setmulb	y
			getmull	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_scl			popa	y			'**, multiply return upper long, unsigned
			popa	x
			setmulu	x
			setmulb	y
			getmulh	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_divx			popa	y			'/, divide and return quotient,   z=1
			popa	x			'//, divide and return remainder, z=0
			setdiva	x
			setdivb	y
			getdivq	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
	if_nz		getdivr	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_fra			popa	y			'*/, fraction
			popa	x
			setdivu	#0
			setdivu	x
			setdivb	y
			getdivq	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x
'
'
' Equality tests
'
			org	snippet

_b			popa	y			'<, test below
			popa	x
			cmps	x,y		wc
			muxc	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_a			popa	y			'>, test above
			popa	x
			cmps	y,x		wc
			muxc	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_ne			popa	y			'<>, test not equal
			popa	x
			cmps	x,y		wz
			muxnz	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_eq			popa	y			'==, test equal
			popa	x
			cmps	x,y		wz
			muxz	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_be			popa	y			'=< / <=, test below or equal
			popa	x
			cmps	y,x		wc
			muxnc	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_ae			popa	y			'=> / >=, test above or equal
			popa	x
			cmps	x,y		wc
			muxnc	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x
'
'
' Math terms
'
			org	snippet

_divh64			popa	y			'QUO64(al,ah,b),  z=1, c=0
			popa	x			'QUO64U(al,ah,b), z=1, c=1
			popa	a			'REM64(al,ah,b),  z=0, c=0
	if_nc		setdiva	a			'REM64U(al,ah,b), z=0, c=1
	if_c		setdivu	a
			setdiva	x
			setdivb	y			
			getdivq	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
	if_nz		getdivr	x		wc
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_sqrt64			popa	x			'SQRT64(l,h)
			setsqrh	x
			popa	x
			setsqrl	x
			getsqrt	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_negb			popa	x		wz	'NEGB(x,bool)
			popa	x
			negnz	x,x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_muxb			popa	y		wz	'MUXB(x,y,bool)
			popa	y
			popa	x
			muxnz	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_ternary		popa	y			'a ? x : y
			popa	x
			popa	a		wz
	if_z		pusha	y
	if_nz		pusha	x
'
'
' Math procedures
'

			org	snippet

_mul64			popa	x			'MUL64(a,b : l,h), c=0
	if_nc		setmula	x			'MUL64U(a,b : l,h), c=1
	if_c		setmulu	x
			popa	x
			setmulb	x
			getmulh	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x
			getmull	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_div64			popa	y			'DIV64(al,ah,b : q,r),  c=0
			popa	x			'DIV64U(al,ah,b : q,r), c=1
			popa	a
	if_nc		setdiva	a
	if_c		setdivu	a
			setdiva	x
			setdivb	y			
			getdivr	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
			pusha	x
			getdivq	x		wc
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_qtrig	if_z_and_c	popa	x			'QSINCOS(r,t : x,y),   z=1, c=0
	if_z_and_c	setqz	x			'QROTATE(x,y,t : x,y), z=1, c=1
			popa	y			'QARCTAN(x,y : r,t),   z=0
			popa	x
	if_z_and_nc	qsincos	y,x
	if_z_and_c	qrotate	x,y
	if_nz		qarctan	x,y
			getqz	x		wc
	if_nc		jmp	#$-1
	if_z		getqy	x
			pusha	x
			getqx	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_setqi			popa	x			'SETQI(i)
			setqi	x


			org	snippet

_clraccs		clraccs				'CLRACCS


			org	snippet

_clracca		clracca				'CLRACCA


			org	snippet

_clraccb		clraccb				'CLRACCB


			org	snippet

_fitaccs		fitaccs				'FITACCS


			org	snippet

_fitacca		fitacca				'FITACCA


			org	snippet

_fitaccb		fitaccb				'FITACCB


			org	snippet

_setacca		popa	y			'SETACCA(l,h)
			popa	x
			setacca	x,y


			org	snippet

_setaccb		popa	y			'SETACCB(l,h)
			popa	x
			setaccb	x,y


			org	snippet

_getacca		getacca	x			'GETACCA(l,h)
			getacca	y
			pusha	y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_getaccb		getaccb	x			'GETACCB(l,h)
			getaccb	y
			pusha	y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_maca			popa	y			'MACA(x,y)
			popa	x
			maca	x,y


			org	snippet

_macb			popa	y			'MACB(x,y)
			popa	x
			macb	x,y
'
'
' Constants
'
			org	snippet

_con8p			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'con8p
_conxp			pusha	x			'con0..con3


			org	snippet

_con9p			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'con9p
			setb	x,#8
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_con8n			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'con8n
_conxn			xor	x,hFFFFFFFF		'conm1
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_con16p			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'con16p
			rdbytec	y,ptra++
			movf	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_con17p			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'con17p
			rdbytec	y,ptra++
			movf	x,y
			setb	x,#16
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_con16n			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'con16n
			rdbytec	y,ptra++
			movf	x,y
			xor	x,hFFFFFFFF
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_con24			reps	#3,#2			'con24p, con24n
			muxc	x,#$FF
			rdbytec	y,ptra++
			movf	x,y
			pusha	x

_con32			reps	#4,#2			'con32
			nop
			rdbytec	y,ptra++
			movf	x,y
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_conexp			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'conexp
			decod5	x		wz, wc
	if_z		sub	x,#1
	if_c		not	x
			pusha	x
'
'
' Register read/write/assign
'
			org	snippet

_rdreg			popa	x			'read register
			movd	:rd,x
			nop
			nop
:rd			pusha	$000


			org	snippet

_wrreg			popa	addr			'write register
			popa	x
			call	#writer


			org	snippet

_asreg			popa	addr			'assign register
			movs	:rd,addr
			jmpd	#assign_long
			mov	assign_i,callwriter
:rd			mov	x,$000
			nop

			org 	snippet

_rdregb			call	#bitfield		'read register bitfield
			popa	x
			movs	:rd,x
			jmpd	#readb
			nop
:rd			mov	x,$000
			nop


			org 	snippet

_wrregb			call	#bitfield		'write register bitfield
			popa	addr
			movs	:rd,addr
			jmpd	#writeb
			mov	writeb_i,callwriter
:rd			mov	bval,$000
			nop


			org 	snippet

_asregb			call	#bitfield		'assign register bitfield
			popa	addr
			movs	:rd,addr
			jmpd	#assignb_long
			mov	writeb_i,callwriter
:rd			mov	bval,$000
			nop
'
'
' Local read/write/assign
'
			org	snippet

_rdloci			popa	y			'read local, indexed
			rdbytec	x,ptra++
			add	x,y

_rdloc			add	x,dbase			'read local, fixed
			setspb	x
			popbr	x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_wrloci			popa	y			'write local, indexed
			rdbytec	x,ptra++
			add	x,y

_wrloc			add	x,dbase			'write local, fixed
			setspb	x
			popa	x
			pushb	x


			org	snippet

_asloci			popa	y			'assign local, indexed
			rdbytec	x,ptra++
			add	x,y

_asloc			jmpd	#assign_local		'assign local, fixed
			add	x,dbase
			setspb	x
			popbr	x


			org	snippet

_rdlocb			call	#bitfield		'read local bitfield
			popa	x
			jmpd	#readb
			add	x,dbase
			setspb	x
			popbr	x


			org	snippet

_wrlocb			call	#bitfield		'write local bitfield
			popa	x
			add	x,dbase
			jmpd	#writeb
			setspb	x
			popbr	bval
			mov	writeb_i,pushbrx


			org	snippet

_aslocb			call	#bitfield		'assign local bitfield
			popa	x
			add	x,dbase
			jmpd	#assignb_long
			setspb	x
			popbr	bval
			mov	writeb_i,pushbrx
'
'
' Memory read/write/assign
'
			org	snippet

_rdbyte			popa	x			'read byte
			rdbyte	x,x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_rdword			popa	x			'read word
			rdword	x,x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_rdlong			popa	x			'read long
			rdlong	x,x
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_wrbyte			popa	y			'write byte
			popa	x
			wrbyte	x,y


			org	snippet

_wrword			popa	y			'write word
			popa	x
			wrword	x,y


			org	snippet

_wrlong			popa	y			'write long
			popa	x
			wrlong	x,y


			org	snippet

_asbyte			popa	addr			'assign byte
			jmpd	#assign
			rdbyte	x,addr
			mov	assign_i,:i
			mov	mask,#$FF

:i			wrbyte	x,addr


			org	snippet

_asword			popa	addr			'assign word
			jmpd	#assign
			rdword	x,addr
			mov	assign_i,:i
			mov	mask,:m

:i			wrword	x,addr
:m			long	$0000FFFF


			org	snippet

_aslong			jmpd	#assign_long		'assign long
			popa	addr
			rdlong	x,addr
			mov	assign_i,:i

:i			wrlong	x,addr


			org	snippet

_rdbyteb		call	#bitfield		'read byte bitfield
			popa	x
			rdbyte	x,x
			jmp	#readb


			org	snippet

_rdwordb		call	#bitfield		'read word bitfield
			popa	x
			rdword	x,x
			jmp	#readb


			org	snippet

_rdlongb		call	#bitfield		'read long bitfield
			popa	x
			rdlong	x,x
			jmp	#readb


			org	snippet

_wrbyteb		call	#bitfield		'write byte bitfield
			jmpd	#writeb
			popa	addr
			rdbyte	bval,addr
			mov	writeb_i,:wr

:wr			wrbyte	x,addr


			org	snippet

_wrwordb		call	#bitfield		'write word bitfield
			jmpd	#writeb
			popa	addr
			rdword	bval,addr
			mov	writeb_i,:wr

:wr			wrword	x,addr


			org	snippet

_wrlongb		call	#bitfield		'write long bitfield
			jmpd	#writeb
			popa	addr
			rdlong	bval,addr
			mov	writeb_i,:wr

:wr			wrlong	x,addr


			org	snippet

_asbyteb		call	#bitfield		'assign byte bitfield
			mov	mask,#$FF
			jmpd	#assignb
			popa	addr
			rdbyte	bval,addr
			mov	writeb_i,:wr

:wr			wrbyte	x,addr


			org	snippet

_aswordb		call	#bitfield		'assign word bitfield
			mov	mask,:mask
			jmpd	#assignb
			popa	addr
			rdword	bval,addr
			mov	writeb_i,:wr

:wr			wrword	x,addr
:mask			long	$0000FFFF


			org	snippet

_aslongb		call	#bitfield		'assign long bitfield
			jmpd	#assignb_long
			popa	addr
			rdlong	bval,addr
			mov	writeb_i,:wr

:wr			wrlong	x,addr
'
'
' Memory offsets and indexing
'
			org	snippet

_base			call	#xword
	if_nc		add	x,vbase			'vbase, c=0
	if_c		add	x,pbase			'pbase, c=1
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_index			popa	y			'ibyte, x=0
			shl	y,x			'iword, x=1
			popa	x			'ilong, x=2
			add	x,y
			pusha	x
'
'
' Branch jmp/jz/jnz/tjz/djnz
'
			org	snippet

_jmp			call	#xword			'jmp
			addptra	x


			org	snippet

_jxz			popa	y		wz	'jz,  c=1	jnz, c=0
			call	#xword
	if_z_eq_c	addptra	x


			org	snippet

_tjz			popa	y		wz	'tjz
	if_nz		pusha	y
			call	#xword
	if_z		addptra	x


			org	snippet

_djnz			popa	y			'djnz
			sub	y,#1		wz
	if_nz		pusha	y
			call	#xword
	if_nz		addptra	x
'
'
' Drop anchor
'
' \sub		x = %00
' \sub result	x = %01
'  sub		x = %10
'  sub result	x = %11
'
			org	snippet

_drop			pusha	dcall			'push dcall (later used for pcurr)
			getspa	dcall			'set new dcall

			pusha	dbase			'push return dbase

			pusha	vbase			'push return vbase

			or	x,pbase			'push return pbase w/flags
			pusha	x

			pusha	#0			'init 'result' to 0
'
'
' Call
'
' obj.sub	z=1, c=0
' obj.sub[]	z=1, c=1
' obj[].sub	z=0, c=0
' obj[].sub[]	z=0, c=1
' sub		     c=0
' sub[]		     c=1
' ptr
'
			org	snippet

_callobj		rdbytec	x,ptra++		'get obj byte
	if_nz		popa	a			'add any index
	if_nz		add	x,a

			jmpd	#call_obj		'jump to handler, delayed

			rdbytec	y,ptra++		'get sub byte
	if_c		popa	a			'add any index
	if_c		add	y,a


			org	snippet

_callsub		jmpd	#call_sub		'jump to handler, delayed

			rdbytec	y,ptra++		'get sub byte
	if_c		popa	a			'add any index
	if_c		add	y,a


			org	snippet

_callptr		popa	x			'get sub [31..29]/[15..13], vbase [28..16], pbase [12..0]

			mov	vbase,#0		'clear vbase/pbase
			mov	pbase,#0

			mov	y,x			'get sub (6-bits)
			mov	a,x
			shr	y,#32-3-3
			and	y,#%111000
			jmpd	#call_ptr		'jump to handler, delayed
			shr	a,#16-3
			and	a,#%000111
			or	y,a
'
'
' RETURN/ABORT
'
' RETURN	z=1, c=0
' ABORT		z=1, c=1
' RETURN value	z=0, c=0
' ABORT value	z=0, c=1
'
			org	snippet

_return	if_z		setspa	dbase			'if no value, return result
	if_z		popar	x

	if_nz		popa	x			'if value, pop it

:again			setspa	dbase			'set dbase

			popa	pbase			'pop pbase
	if_c		test	pbase,#%10	wc	'if abort and try, return again

	if_c		jmpd	#:again

			popa	vbase			'pop vbase
			popa	dbase			'pop dbase
			popa	y			'pop pcurr

			setptra	y			'set ptra to pcurr

			test	pbase,#%01	wc	'push result?
			andn	pbase,#%11
	if_c		pusha	x
'
'
' Get vbase/pbase
'
			org	snippet

_basesub		mov	y,vbase
			shl	y,#16-4

			mov	x,pbase
			shr	x,#4

			or	x,y

			pusha	x
'
'
' Get pbase/vbase of obj
'
' obj		c=0
' obj[]		c=1
'
			org	snippet

_baseobj		rdbytec	x,ptra++		'get obj byte

	if_c		popa	y			'handle index
	if_c		add	x,y

			shl	x,#2			'scale offset

			add	x,pbase			'get obj pbase/vbase offset
			rdlong	x,x

			mov	y,x			'get obj vbase
			shr	y,#16-4
			add	y,vbase
			and	y,h0001FFF0
			shl	y,#16-4

			shl	x,#4			'get obj pbase
			add	x,pbase
			and	x,h0001FFF0
			shr	x,#4

			or	x,y			'merge vbase/pbase

			pusha	x			'push obj vbase/pbase
'
'
' Make subroutine ptr
'
' base.sub	c=0
' base.sub[]	c=1
'
			org	snippet

_subptr			rdbytec	a,ptra++		'get sub number

	if_c		popa	b			'handle sub index
	if_c		add	a,b

			mov	b,a			'split 6-bit index
			and	b,#%111000		'top 3 bits into [31..29]
			shl	b,#32-6
			and	a,#%000111		'bottom 3 bits into [15..13]
			shl	a,#16-3

			popa	x			'pop base vbase/pbase

			or	x,b			'install index into pbase/vbase
			or	x,a

			pusha	x			'push subroutine pointer
'
'
' Case
'
			org	snippet			'case value

_casev			call	#xword			'get branch address

			popa	a			'pop value
			popa	y			'pop target
			cmp	a,y		wz	'value = target?
			
	if_nz		addspa	#1			'if mismatch, unpop target

	if_z		addptra	x			'if match, branch


			org	snippet			'case range (z=1)

_caser			call	#xword			'get branch address

			popa	b			'pop range end
			popa	a			'pop range begin
			popa	y			'pop target

			sub	b,a			'||(end - begin), c=1 if reverse range
			abs	b,b		wc

			sub	y,a			'+/-(target - begin)
			negc	y,y

			cmp	b,y		wc	'match if ||(end - begin) => +/-(target - begin)

	if_c		addspa	#1			'if mismatch, unpop target

	if_nc		addptra	x			'if match, branch


			org	snippet			'case done

_casedone		popa	x			'pop target
			popa	x			'pop address
			addptra	x			'jump to address
'
'
' Lookup/lookdown
'
			org	snippet			'lookup value

_lookupv		popa	a			'pop value
			popa	x			'pop index
			popa	y			'pop target

			cmp	x,y		wz	'match if index = target

	if_nz		addspa	#1			'if no match, unpop target
	if_nz		add	x,#1			'..increment index
	if_nz		pusha	x			'..push index

	if_z		popa	addr			'if match, pop address
	if_z		pusha	a			'..push result
	if_z		setptra	addr			'..branch


			org	snippet			'lookup range

_lookupr		popa	b			'pop range end
			popa	a			'pop range begin
			popa	x			'pop index
			popa	y			'pop target

			sub	b,a			'end - begin
			abs	b,b		wc	'||(end - begin), c=1 if reverse range
			sub	y,x			'target - index
			sumc	a,y			'result = begin +/- (target - index)

			cmp	b,y		wc	'match if ||(end - begin) => (target - index)

	if_c		addspa	#1			'if no match, unpop target
	if_c		addx	x,b			'..add ||(end - begin) + 1 to index
	if_c		pusha	x			'..push index

	if_nc		popa	addr			'if match, pop address
	if_nc		pusha	a			'..push result
	if_nc		setptra	addr			'..branch


			org	snippet			'lookdown value

_lookdnv		popa	a			'pop value
			popa	x			'pop index
			popa	y			'pop target

			cmp	a,y		wz	'match if value = target

	if_nz		addspa	#1			'if no match, unpop target
	if_nz		add	x,#1			'..increment index
	if_nz		pusha	x			'..push index

	if_z		popa	addr			'if match, pop address
	if_z		pusha	x			'..push result
	if_z		setptra	addr			'..branch


			org	snippet			'lookdown range

_lookdnr		popa	b			'pop range end
			popa	a			'pop range begin
			popa	x			'pop index
			popa	y			'pop target

			sub	b,a			'||(end - begin), c=1 if reverse range
			abs	b,b		wc

			sub	y,a			'+/-(target - begin)
			negc	y,y

			cmp	b,y		wc	'match if ||(end - begin) => +/-(target - begin)

	if_c		addspa	#1			'if no match, unpop target
	if_c		addx	x,b			'..add ||(end - begin) + 1 to index
	if_c		pusha	x			'..push index

	if_nc		popa	addr			'if match, pop address
	if_nc		add	x,y			'..result = index +/- (target - begin)
	if_nc		pusha	x			'..push result
	if_nc		setptra	addr			'..branch


			org	snippet			'lookup/lookdown done

_lookdone		subspa	#3			'pop index/target/address
			pusha	#0			'push 0 result
'
'
' Miscellaneous
'
			org	snippet

_pop			rdbytec	x,ptra++		'pop
			subspa	x


			org	snippet

_clkset			popa	x			'clkset
			clkset	x


			org	snippet

_cogid			cogid	x			'cogid
			pusha	x


			org	snippet

_coginit		popa	y			'coginit
			popa	x
			popa	a
			setcog	a
			coginit	x,y		wc
	if_nz_and_c	pusha	#0
	if_nz_and_nc	pusha	hFFFFFFFF


			org	snippet

_cogstop		popa	x			'cogstop
			cogstop	x

This interpreter is for the built-in 17-bit address space (128KB), but can easily be changed to 32-bit XMM. I started out on the 32-bit addressing path, but figured it was more practical, at first, to make a native 17-bit version, as an external SDRAM can easily be managed by Spin code for huge data.

This interpreter leaves the first $150+ longs in the cog free for in-line assembly code and terminate-stay-resident type applications which can run concurrently with the interpreter via hardware multi-tasking.

In the new Spin, all variables are bit-range addressable for read/write/read-modify-write operations. Bit ranges can be high..low or low..high. This is mainly important for I/O registers which relate to physical pins, but it makes bit fields within other types (locals, hub ram, cog RAM registers) easy to manipulate, as well.

This interpreter works by getting a byte code, looking up a descriptor long, loading a snippet of assembly code, and executing it. The interpreter currently lacks initialization code, which will be written last, but it has all the snippets for math operations, calls, branches, lookup/lookdown, cog starting and stopping, and housekeeping. It's about 4.5KB now. Once I get the compiler working on the PC side, I'll augment the interpreter to include special I/O handling and other functions that are not needed at first, but make it complete.

Sapieha · 2013-07-01 13:07

Hi Chip.

Why You don't use that sequence in this place

orgh base
org $0
orgF $15B

That give even correct place with loading to COG.

cgracey wrote: »

Here's the Spin2 Interpreter, so far:

Spin2interpreter.spin

CON

  base    = $E80

'
'
'***************
'* Interpreter *
'***************
'
DAT
[B][COLOR=#ff0000]            orgh    base
            org    $15B
[/COLOR][/B]'
'
' Append word to x - used to make $0xxxx or $1xxxx address
'
xword            rdbytec    y,ptra++

xword_ret        retd

            movf    x,y
            rdbytec    y,ptra++
            movf    x,y

'
'
' call obj.sub
' call obj.sub[]
' call obj[].sub
' call obj[].sub[]
' call sub
' call sub[]
' call ptr
'
call_obj        shl    x,#2            'lookup obj vbase/pbase offsets
            add    x,pbase
            rdlong    x,x

call_ptr        rol    x,#4            'set relative pbase
            add    pbase,x
            and    pbase,h0001FFF0

            ror    x,#16            'set relative vbase
            add    vbase,x
            and    vbase,h0001FFF0

call_sub        shl    y,#2            'lookup locals/pbase offsets
            add    y,pbase
            rdlong    y,y

            mov    dbase,dcall        'set call dbase
            add    dbase,#3

            setspb    dcall            'get old dcall
            popb    dcall

            getptra    x            'set return pcurr
            pushb    x

            setptra    pbase            'set call pcurr

            jmpd    #getbyte        'loop to getbyte, delayed

            addptra    y

            shr    y,#32-4            'add locals to dcurr
            addspa    y
'
'
' Bitfield addressing, pop and set bitfield parameters
'
bitfield        popa    bshift            'pop range lsb
            popa    bmask            'pop range msb

            and    bshift,#$1F        'trim lsb/msb
            and    bmask,#$1F

            cmp    bmask,bshift    wc    'reverse range?

    if_c        xor    bshift,bmask        'if reverse range, swap msb/lsb
    if_c        xor    bmask,bshift
    if_c        xor    bshift,bmask

            sub    bmask,bshift        'get number of bits
            add    bmask,#1

            neg    brev,bmask        'get rev count

bitfield_ret        retd                'return, delayed

            setbc    brev,#6            'save reverse flag

            blmask    bmask            'get bitlength mask
            shl    bmask,bshift        'bmask = mask, brev = reverse, bshift = lsb offset
'
'
' Write register, if OUTA..OUTD then update PINA..PIND (x = value)
'
writer            movd    writer_reg,addr
            movd    writer_pin,addr
            setb    writer_pin,#9+3
writer_reg        mov    $000,x

writer_ret        retd

            xor    addr,#$1F0
            test    addr,#$1FC    wz
writer_pin    if_z    mov    $000,x
'
'
' Do bitfield read (x = value)
'
readb            and    x,bmask

            jmpd    #getbyte

            shr    x,bshift
    if_c        rev    x,brev
            pusha    x
'
'
' Do bitfield write (bval = value, writeb_i = write instruction)
'
writeb            popa    x            'pop value to write
    if_c        rev    x,brev            'reverse bits?
            shl    x,bshift        'shift into position
            and    x,bmask            'mask bits
            andn    bval,bmask        'mask away original bits
            or    x,bval            'merge bits
writeb_i        pushbr    x            'call #writer / pushbr x / wrxxxx x,addr

writeb_ret        jmp    #getbyte
'
'
' Do bitfield assignment (bval = value, assignb_i = write instruction, mask = sized mask)
'
assignb_long        mov    mask,hFFFFFFFF        'set long mask

assignb            movs    jmpback,#assignb_ret    'set jmpback address to assignb_ret
            mov    x,bval            'save original value
            jmpd    #assign_op        'get math operator and execute, delayed

            and    x,bmask            'extract bitfield for operation
            shr    x,bshift
    if_c        rev    x,brev


assignb_ret        testb    brev,#6        wc    'snippet returns to here, get reverse flag into c
            call    #writeb            'write bitfield
            movs    writeb_ret,#getbyte    'restore jump to getbyte

            and    x,mask            'mask it
            jmpd    #assign_p        'push it (optional), delayed

            and    x,bmask            'extract bitfield for pushing
            shr    x,bshift
    if_c        rev    x,brev
'
'
' Do assignment (x = value, assign_i = write instruction, mask = sized mask)
'
assign_local        mov    assign_i,pushbrx    'set local write
assign_long        mov    mask,hFFFFFFFF        'set long mask

assign            movs    jmpback,#assign_ret    'set jmpback address to :ret

assign_op        rdbytec    a,ptra++        'get math operator and flags
            setzc    a        wz,wc    'load flags, operator already in position
            muxz    assign_p,h003C0000    'set push condition to z

            jmpd    #hotbyte        'load and execute math snippet, delayed

    if_c        popa    y            'swap args?
            pusha    x
    if_c        pusha    y


assign_ret        popa    x            'snippet returns to here, pop value
assign_i        pushbr    x            'write it (call #writer / pushbr x / wrxxxx x,addr)

            and    x,mask            'mask it
assign_p        pusha    x            'push it (optional)

            movs    jmpback,#getbyte    'replace jmpback address, getbyte next
'
'
' Get byte code, look up descriptor long, load code longs in-line, execute, repeat
'
getbyte            rdbytec    a,ptra++    wz    '    get byte code, extended?

    if_z        rdbytec    a,ptra++        '    if extended, get extended byte code
    if_z        or    a,#$100            '    ...and add offset

            shl    a,#2            '    shift to make long offset

hotbyte            add    a,descbase        '    add base address of descriptor longs

            rdlong    x,a            '..2    get descriptor long

            movd    :reps,x            '3    descriptor[8..0] holds code longs minus 1

            shr    x,#7            '4    descriptor[23..7] is code offset
            setptrb    x            '5    point PTRB to code longs

:reps            reps    #1,#1            '6    ready for fast in-line code load
            setindb    #snippet        '7    point INDB to in-line code
            rdlongc    indb++,ptrb++        '0..    load code longs in-line using cached read

            mov    indb++,jmpback        '+1    finish in-line code with 'jmp #getbyte'
            shr    x,#25-7        wz,wc    '+1    descriptor[31..25] is a value, [24] is C

snippet            long    0[22]            '?    execute in-line code snippet, loop
'
'
' Constants
'
pushbrx            pushbr    x
callwriter        call    #writer
jmpback            jmp    #getbyte

descbase        long    @descs-4        'account for $01 offset

h0001FFF0        long    $0001FFF0        'vbase/pbase mask
h003C0000        long    $003C0000        'conditional field bits
hFFFFFFFF        long    $FFFFFFFF        'all bits

x            long    0            'variables
y            long    0
a            long    0
b            long    0

addr            long    0            'assignment
mask            long    0

bshift            long    0            'bitfield addressing
bmask            long    0
brev            long    0
bval            long    0

dcall            long    0            '        pointer
dbase            long    0            '        pointer

outa            long    0            '@$1F0        OUTA..OUTD
outb            long    0            '@$1F1        (writes update PINA..PIND)
outc            long    0            '@$1F2
outd            long    0            '@$1F3

vbase            long    0            '@$1F4        pointer
pbase            long    0            '@$1F5        pointer
'
'
'************************
'* Bytecode Descriptors *
'************************
'
descs

' variable modifiers (14)

op_writep    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_clr     << 7 + 0    'write w/push    %10 push
op_rep        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rep     << 7 + 12    'repeat var    %00 no
op_clr        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_clr     << 7 + 1    'clear        %00 no
op_clrpost    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_clrpost << 7 + 0    'clear post    %00 push
op_set        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_set     << 7 + 1    'set        %00 no
op_setpost    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_setpost << 7 + 0    'set post    %00 push
op_incpre    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3    'inc pre / inc    %10 push / %00 no
op_incpost    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3    'inc post    %00 push
op_decpre    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3    'dec pre / dec     %10 push / %00 no
op_decpost    long    %0000001_1 << 24 + @_incdec  << 7 + 3    'dec post    %00 push
op_incmod    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6    'incmod        %00 no
op_incmodp    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6    'incmod w/push    %00 push
op_decmod    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6    'decmod        %00 no
op_decmodp    long    %0000001_1 << 24 + @_idmod   << 7 + 6    'decmod w/push    %00 push

' unaries (23)

op_notb        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_notb    << 7 + 2    'NOT        %x0
op_not        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_not     << 7 + 2    '!        %x0
op_neg        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_neg     << 7 + 2    '-        %x0
op_abs        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_abs     << 7 + 2    '||        %x0
op_enc        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_enc     << 7 + 2    '>|        %x0
op_decod5    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod5  << 7 + 2    '|<, DECOD5(x)    %x0
op_decod4    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod4  << 7 + 2    'DECOD4(x)    %x0
op_decod3    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod3  << 7 + 2    'DECOD3(x)    %x0
op_decod2    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_decod2  << 7 + 2    'DECOD2(x)    %x0
op_blmask    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_blmask  << 7 + 2    'BLMASK(x)    %x0
op_onecnt    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_onecnt  << 7 + 2    'ONECNT(x)    %x0
op_zercnt    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_zercnt  << 7 + 2    'ZERCNT(x)    %x0
op_incpat    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_incpat  << 7 + 2    'INCPAT(x)    %x0
op_decpat    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_decpat  << 7 + 2    'DECPAT(x)    %x0
op_bingry    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_bingry  << 7 + 2    'BINGRY(x)    %x0
op_grybin    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_grybin  << 7 + 2    'GRYBIN(x)    %x0
op_mergew    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_mergew  << 7 + 2    'MERGEW(x)    %x0
op_splitw    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_splitw  << 7 + 2    'SPLITW(x)    %x0
op_seussf    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_seussf  << 7 + 2    'SEUSSF(x)    %x0
op_seussr    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_seussr  << 7 + 2    'SEUSSR(x)    %x0
op_sqrt        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_sqrt    << 7 + 4    'SQRT(x)    %x0
op_qlog        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_qlogexp << 7 + 5    'QLOG(x)    %x0
op_qexp        long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_qlogexp << 7 + 5    'QEXP(x)    %x0

' binaries (23)

op_andb        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_andb    << 7 + 4    'AND        %x1
op_orb        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_orb     << 7 + 4    'OR        %x1
op_xorb        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_xorb    << 7 + 5    'XOR        %x1
op_andn        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_andn    << 7 + 3    '&!        %x1
op_and        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_and     << 7 + 3    '&        %x1
op_or        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_or      << 7 + 3    '|        %x1
op_xor        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_xor     << 7 + 3    '^        %x1
op_ror        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_ror     << 7 + 3    '->        %x1
op_rol        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rol     << 7 + 3    '<-        %x1
op_shr        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_shr     << 7 + 3    '>>        %x1
op_shl        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_shl     << 7 + 3    '<<        %x1
op_sar        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_sar     << 7 + 3    '~>        %x1
op_sal        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_sal     << 7 + 5    '<~        %x1
op_rev        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rev     << 7 + 4    '><        %x1
op_mins        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_mins    << 7 + 3    '#>        %x1
op_maxs        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_maxs    << 7 + 3    '<#        %x1
op_add        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_add     << 7 + 3    '+        %x1
op_sub        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_sub     << 7 + 3    '-        %x1
op_mul        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_mul     << 7 + 6    '*        %x1
op_scl        long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_scl     << 7 + 6    '**        %x1
op_quo        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_divx    << 7 + 7    '/        %x1
op_rem        long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_divx    << 7 + 7    '//        %x1
op_fra        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_fra     << 7 + 7    '*/        %x1

' equality tests (6)

op_b        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_b       << 7 + 4    '<
op_a        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_a       << 7 + 4    '>
op_ne        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_ne      << 7 + 4    '<>
op_eq        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_eq      << 7 + 4    '==
op_be        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_be      << 7 + 4    '=< / <=
op_ae        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_ae      << 7 + 4    '=> / >=

' math terms (8)

op_quo64    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10    'QUO64(al,ah,b)
op_quo64u    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10    'QUO64U(al,ah,b)
op_rem64    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10    'REM64(al,ah,b)
op_rem64u    long    %0000001_1 << 24 + @_divh64  << 7 + 10    'REM64U(al,ah,b)
op_sqrt64    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_sqrt64  << 7 + 6    'SQRT64(l,h)
op_negb        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_negb    << 7 + 3    'NEGB(x,bool)
op_muxb        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_muxb    << 7 + 4    'MUXB(x,y,bool)
op_ternary    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_ternary << 7 + 4    'sel ? true : false

' math procedures (20)

op_mul64    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_mul64   << 7 + 9    'MUL64(a,b : l,h)
op_mulu64    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_mul64   << 7 + 9    'MUL64U(a,b : l,h)
op_div64    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_div64   << 7 + 11    'DIV64(a,b : l,h)
op_divu64    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_div64   << 7 + 11    'DIV64U(a,b : l,h)
op_qsincos    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_qtrig   << 7 + 12    'QSINCOS(r,t : x,y)
op_qarctan    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_qtrig   << 7 + 12    'QARCTAN(x,y : r,t)
op_qrotate    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_qtrig   << 7 + 12    'QROTATE(x,y,t : x,y)
op_setqi    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_div64   << 7 + 1    'SETQI(x)
op_clraccs    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_clraccs << 7 + 0    'CLRACCS
op_clracca    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_clracca << 7 + 0    'CLRACCA
op_clraccb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_clraccb << 7 + 0    'CLRACCB
op_fitaccs    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_fitaccs << 7 + 0    'FITACCS
op_fitacca    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_fitacca << 7 + 0    'FITACCA
op_fitaccb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_fitaccb << 7 + 0    'FITACCB
op_setacca    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_setacca << 7 + 2    'SETACCA(l,h)
op_setaccb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_setaccb << 7 + 2    'SETACCB(l,h)
op_getacca    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_getacca << 7 + 3    'GETACCA(l,h)
op_getaccb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_getaccb << 7 + 3    'GETACCB(l,h)
op_maca        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_maca    << 7 + 2    'MACA(x,y)
op_macb        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_macb    << 7 + 2    'MACB(x,y)

' constants (13)

op_con1n    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_conxn    << 7 + 1    'constant -1
op_con0        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_conxp    << 7 + 0    'constant 0
op_con1        long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_conxp    << 7 + 0    'constant 1
op_con8p    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con8p    << 7 + 1    'constant $000000xx
op_con9p    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con9p    << 7 + 2    'constant $000001xx
op_con8n    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con8n    << 7 + 2    'constant $FFFFFFxx
op_con16p    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con16p   << 7 + 3    'constant $0000xxxx
op_con17p    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con17p   << 7 + 3    'constant $0001xxxx
op_con16n    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con16n   << 7 + 4    'constant $FFFFxxxx
op_con24p    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con24    << 7 + 4    'constant $00xxxxxx
op_con24n    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_con24    << 7 + 4    'constant $FFxxxxxx
op_con32    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_con32    << 7 + 4    'constant $xxxxxxxx
op_conexp    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_conexp   << 7 + 4    'constant 2^n,dec,not

' register reads/writes/assigns (6)

op_rdreg    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdreg    << 7 + 4    'read register
op_wrreg    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrreg    << 7 + 2    'write register
op_asreg    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_asreg    << 7 + 5    'assign register

op_rdregb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdregb    << 7 + 6    'read register bitfield
op_wrregb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrregb    << 7 + 6    'write register bitfield
op_asregb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_asregb    << 7 + 6    'assign register bitfield

' local reads/writes/assigns (54)

op_rdloc0    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 0
op_rdloc1    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 1
op_rdloc2    long    %0000010_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 2
op_rdloc3    long    %0000011_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 3
op_rdloc4    long    %0000100_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 4
op_rdloc5    long    %0000101_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 5
op_rdloc6    long    %0000110_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 6
op_rdloc7    long    %0000111_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 7
op_rdloc8    long    %0001000_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 8
op_rdloc9    long    %0001001_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 9
op_rdloc10    long    %0001010_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 10
op_rdloc11    long    %0001011_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 11
op_rdloc12    long    %0001100_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 12
op_rdloc13    long    %0001101_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 13
op_rdloc14    long    %0001110_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 14
op_rdloc15    long    %0001111_0 << 24 + @_rdloc    << 7 + 3    'read local 15

op_wrloc0    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 0
op_wrloc1    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 1
op_wrloc2    long    %0000010_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 2
op_wrloc3    long    %0000011_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 3
op_wrloc4    long    %0000100_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 4
op_wrloc5    long    %0000101_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 5
op_wrloc6    long    %0000110_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 6
op_wrloc7    long    %0000111_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 7
op_wrloc8    long    %0001000_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 8
op_wrloc9    long    %0001001_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 9
op_wrloc10    long    %0001010_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 10
op_wrloc11    long    %0001011_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 11
op_wrloc12    long    %0001100_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 12
op_wrloc13    long    %0001101_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 13
op_wrloc14    long    %0001110_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 14
op_wrloc15    long    %0001111_0 << 24 + @_wrloc    << 7 + 3    'write local 15

op_asloc0    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 0
op_asloc1    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 1
op_asloc2    long    %0000010_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 2
op_asloc3    long    %0000011_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 3
op_asloc4    long    %0000100_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 4
op_asloc5    long    %0000101_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 5
op_asloc6    long    %0000110_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 6
op_asloc7    long    %0000111_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 7
op_asloc8    long    %0001000_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 8
op_asloc9    long    %0001001_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 9
op_asloc10    long    %0001010_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 10
op_asloc11    long    %0001011_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 11
op_asloc12    long    %0001100_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 12
op_asloc13    long    %0001101_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 13
op_asloc14    long    %0001110_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 14
op_asloc15    long    %0001111_0 << 24 + @_asloc    << 7 + 3    'assign local 15

op_rdloci    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdloci   << 7 + 6    'read local indexed
op_wrloci    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrloci   << 7 + 6    'write local indexed
op_asloci    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_asloci   << 7 + 6    'assign local indexed

op_rdlocb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdlocb   << 7 + 5    'read local bitfield
op_wrlocb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrlocb   << 7 + 6    'write local bitfield
op_aslocb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_aslocb   << 7 + 6    'assign local bitfield

' memory reads/writes/assigns (18)

op_rdbyte    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdbyte   << 7 + 2    'read byte
op_rdword    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdword   << 7 + 2    'read word
op_rdlong    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdlong   << 7 + 2    'read long

op_wrbyte    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrbyte   << 7 + 2    'write byte
op_wrword    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrword   << 7 + 2    'write word
op_wrlong    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrlong   << 7 + 2    'write long

op_asbyte    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_asbyte   << 7 + 5    'assign byte
op_asword    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_asword   << 7 + 6    'assign word
op_aslong    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_aslong   << 7 + 4    'assign long

op_rdbyteb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdbyteb  << 7 + 3    'read byte bitfield
op_rdwordb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdwordb  << 7 + 3    'read word bitfield
op_rdlongb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_rdlongb  << 7 + 3    'read long bitfield

op_wrbyteb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrbyteb  << 7 + 5    'write byte bitfield
op_wrwordb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrwordb  << 7 + 5    'write word bitfield
op_wrlongb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_wrlongb  << 7 + 5    'write long bitfield

op_asbyteb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_asbyteb  << 7 + 6    'assign byte bitfield
op_aswordb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_aswordb  << 7 + 7    'assign word bitfield
op_aslongb    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_aslongb  << 7 + 5    'assign long bitfield

' memory offsets and indexing (7)

op_vbase0    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3    'vbase $0xxxx
op_pbase0    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3    'pbase $0xxxx
op_vbase1    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3    'vbase $1xxxx
op_pbase1    long    %0000001_1 << 24 + @_base     << 7 + 3    'pbase $1xxxx

op_ibyte    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_index    << 7 + 4    'byte index
op_iword    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_index    << 7 + 4    'word index
op_ilong    long    %0000010_0 << 24 + @_index    << 7 + 4    'long index

' branches jmp/jz/jnz/tjz/djnz (10)

op_jmp0        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_jmp      << 7 + 1    'jmp +$0xxxx
op_jmp1        long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_jmp      << 7 + 1    'jmp +$1xxxx

op_jz0        long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2    'jz +$0xxxx
op_jz1        long    %0000001_1 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2    'jz +$1xxxx

op_jnz0        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2    'jnz +$0xxxx
op_jnz1        long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_jxz      << 7 + 2    'jnz +$1xxxx

op_tjz0        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_tjz      << 7 + 3    'tjz +$0xxxx
op_tjz1        long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_tjz      << 7 + 3    'tjz +$1xxxx

op_djnz0    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_djnz     << 7 + 4    'djnz +$0xxxx
op_djnz1    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_djnz     << 7 + 4    'djnz +$1xxxx

' anchor drops (4)

op_dropt    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6    'drop, \sub
op_droptr    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6    'drop, \sub w/result
op_drop        long    %0000010_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6    'drop,  sub
op_dropr    long    %0000011_0 << 24 + @_drop     << 7 + 6    'drop,  sub w/result

' calls (7)

op_callos    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6    'call obj.sub
op_callosi    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6    'call obj.sub[]
op_callois    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6    'call obj[].sub
op_calloisi    long    %0000001_1 << 24 + @_callobj  << 7 + 6    'call obj[].sub[]
op_calls    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_callsub  << 7 + 3    'call sub
op_callsi    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_callsub  << 7 + 3    'call sub[]
op_callp    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_callptr  << 7 + 10    'call ptr

' returns (4)

op_return    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13    'RETURN
op_abort    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13    'ABORT
op_returnv    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13    'RETURN value
op_abortv    long    %0000001_1 << 24 + @_return   << 7 + 13    'ABORT value

' call pointer generation (5)

op_basesub    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_basesub  << 7 + 5    'vbase/pbase of current
op_baseobj    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_baseobj  << 7 + 16    'vbase/pbase of obj
op_baseobji    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_baseobj  << 7 + 16    'vbase/pbase of obj[]
op_subptr    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_subptr   << 7 + 11    'base.sub
op_subptri    long    %0000000_1 << 24 + @_subptr   << 7 + 11    'base.sub[]

' case (5)

op_casev0    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_casev    << 7 + 5    'case value, +$0xxxx branch
op_casev1    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_casev    << 7 + 5    'case value, +$1xxxx branch
op_caser0    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_caser    << 7 + 10    'case range, +$0xxxx branch
op_caser1    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_caser    << 7 + 10    'case range, +$1xxxx branch

op_casedone    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_casedone << 7 + 2    'case done

' lookup/lookdown (5)

op_lookupv    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookupv  << 7 + 9    'lookup value
op_lookupr    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookupr  << 7 + 14    'lookup range
op_lookdnv    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookdnv  << 7 + 9    'lookdown value
op_lookdnr    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookdnr  << 7 + 15    'lookdown range

op_lookdone    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_lookdone << 7 + 1    'lookup/lookdown done

' miscellaneous (6)

op_pop        long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_pop      << 7 + 1    'pop

op_clkset    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_clkset   << 7 + 1    'clkset
op_cogid    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_cogid    << 7 + 1    'cogid
op_coginit    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_coginit  << 7 + 6    'coginit
op_coginitp    long    %0000001_0 << 24 + @_coginit  << 7 + 6    'coginit w/push
op_cogstop    long    %0000000_0 << 24 + @_cogstop  << 7 + 1    'cogstop

'
'
'************
'* Snippets *
'************
'

'
'
' Variable modifiers
'
            org    snippet            'repeat-var loop (assign)

_rep            popa    mask            'pop var
            popa    y            'pop step
            popa    b            'pop terminal
            popa    a            'pop initial
            popa    addr            'pop branch offset

            cmps    b,a        wc    'get reverse range into c
            sumc    mask,y            'update var with step
            rcl    x,#1        wz    'get c into nz
    if_z        cmps    b,mask        wc    'if forward range, check if var > terminal
    if_nz        cmps    mask,b        wc    'if reverse range, check if var < terminal

    if_nc        subptra    addr            'if var within range, branch
    if_nc        addspa    #4            '..unpop offset/initial/terminal/step

            pusha    mask            'push new var


            org    snippet            'var~, clear and post-clear (assign)

_clr            popa    x            'clear, pop var (single pop also used by op_writep)
_clrpost        pusha    #0            'post-clear, push 0 (leave var on stack)


            org    snippet            'var~~, set and post-set (assign)

_set            popa    x            'set, pop var
_setpost        pusha    hFFFFFFFF        'post-set, push -1 (leave var on stack)


            org    snippet            '++var/--var/var++/var-- (assign)

_incdec            popa    x            'pop var
    if_nz        pusha    x            'if nz, push original var
            sumc    x,#1            'inc or dec var by c
            pusha    x            'push new var


            org    snippet            'INCMOD/DECMOD(var,limit) (assign)

_idmod            setbc    :i,#26            'set INCMOD/DECMOD by c
            popa    y            'pop limit
            popa    x            'pop var
:i            incmod    x,y        wc    'incmod/decmod, c=limit
    if_nz_and_nc    pusha    #0            'push false if nz and nc
    if_nz_and_c    pusha    hFFFFFFFF        'push true if nz and c
            pusha    x            'push new var
'
'
' Unary functions
'
            org    snippet

_notb            popa    x        wz    'NOT, boolean
            muxz    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_not            popa    x            '!, bitwise not
            not    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_neg            popa    x            '-, negate
            neg    x,x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_abs            popa    x            '||, absolute
            abs    x,x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_enc            popa    x            '>|, encode (0..32)
            enc    x,x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_decod5            popa    x            '|< / DECOD5(x)
            decod5    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_decod4            popa    x            'DECOD4(x)
            decod4    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_decod3            popa    x            'DECOD3(x)
            decod3    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_decod2            popa    x            'DECOD2(x)
            decod2    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_blmask            popa    x            'BLMASK(x)
            blmask    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_onecnt            popa    x            'ONECNT(x)
            onecnt    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_zercnt            popa    x            'ZERCNT(x)
            zercnt    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_incpat            popa    x            'INCPAT(x)
            incpat    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_decpat            popa    x            'DECPAT(x)
            decpat    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_bingry            popa    x            'BINGRY(x)
            bingry    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_grybin            popa    x            'GRYBIN(x)
            grybin    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_mergew            popa    x            'MERGEW(x)
            mergew    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_splitw            popa    x            'SPLITW(x)
            splitw    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_seussf            popa    x            'SEUSSF(x)
            seussf    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_seussr            popa    x            'SEUSSR(x)
            seussr    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_sqrt            popa    x            'SQRT(x)
            setsqrl    x
            getsqrt    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_qlogexp        popa    x            'QLOG(x), c=0
    if_nc        qlog    x            'QEXP(x), c=1
    if_c        qexp    x
            getqz    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x
'
'
' Binary functions
'
            org    snippet

_andb            popa    x        wz    'AND, boolean
    if_z        popa    x
    if_nz        popa    x        wz
            muxnz    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x
            

            org    snippet

_orb            popa    x        wz    'OR, boolean
    if_nz        popa    x
    if_z        popa    x        wz
            muxnz    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x
            

            org    snippet

_xorb            popa    y        wz    'XOR, boolean
            muxnz    y,hFFFFFFFF
            popa    x        wz
            muxnz    x,hFFFFFFFF
            xor    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_andn            popa    y            '&!, bitwise andnot
            popa    x
            andn    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_and            popa    y            '&, bitwise and
            popa    x
            and    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_or            popa    y            '|, bitwise or
            popa    x
            or    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_xor            popa    y            '^, bitwise xor
            popa    x
            xor    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_ror            popa    y            '->, rotate right
            popa    x
            ror    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_rol            popa    y            '<-, rotate left
            popa    x
            rol    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_shr            popa    y            '>>, shift right
            popa    x
            shr    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_shl            popa    y            '<<, shift left
            popa    x
            shl    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_sar            popa    y            '~>, shift arithmetic right
            popa    x
            sar    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_sal            popa    y            '<~, shift arithmetic left
            popa    x
            rev    x,#0
            sar    x,y
            rev    x,#0
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_rev            popa    y            '><, reverse bits
            popa    x
            neg    y,y
            rev    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_mins            popa    y            '|>, limit minimum
            popa    x
            mins    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_maxs            popa    y            '<|, limit maximum
            popa    x
            maxs    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_add            popa    y            '+, add
            popa    x
            add    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_sub            popa    y            '-, sub
            popa    x
            sub    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_mul            popa    y            '*, multiply and return lower long
            popa    x
            setmula    x
            setmulb    y
            getmull    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_scl            popa    y            '**, multiply return upper long, unsigned
            popa    x
            setmulu    x
            setmulb    y
            getmulh    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_divx            popa    y            '/, divide and return quotient,   z=1
            popa    x            '//, divide and return remainder, z=0
            setdiva    x
            setdivb    y
            getdivq    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
    if_nz        getdivr    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_fra            popa    y            '*/, fraction
            popa    x
            setdivu    #0
            setdivu    x
            setdivb    y
            getdivq    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x
'
'
' Equality tests
'
            org    snippet

_b            popa    y            '<, test below
            popa    x
            cmps    x,y        wc
            muxc    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_a            popa    y            '>, test above
            popa    x
            cmps    y,x        wc
            muxc    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_ne            popa    y            '<>, test not equal
            popa    x
            cmps    x,y        wz
            muxnz    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_eq            popa    y            '==, test equal
            popa    x
            cmps    x,y        wz
            muxz    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_be            popa    y            '=< / <=, test below or equal
            popa    x
            cmps    y,x        wc
            muxnc    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_ae            popa    y            '=> / >=, test above or equal
            popa    x
            cmps    x,y        wc
            muxnc    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x
'
'
' Math terms
'
            org    snippet

_divh64            popa    y            'QUO64(al,ah,b),  z=1, c=0
            popa    x            'QUO64U(al,ah,b), z=1, c=1
            popa    a            'REM64(al,ah,b),  z=0, c=0
    if_nc        setdiva    a            'REM64U(al,ah,b), z=0, c=1
    if_c        setdivu    a
            setdiva    x
            setdivb    y            
            getdivq    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
    if_nz        getdivr    x        wc
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_sqrt64            popa    x            'SQRT64(l,h)
            setsqrh    x
            popa    x
            setsqrl    x
            getsqrt    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_negb            popa    x        wz    'NEGB(x,bool)
            popa    x
            negnz    x,x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_muxb            popa    y        wz    'MUXB(x,y,bool)
            popa    y
            popa    x
            muxnz    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_ternary        popa    y            'a ? x : y
            popa    x
            popa    a        wz
    if_z        pusha    y
    if_nz        pusha    x
'
'
' Math procedures
'

            org    snippet

_mul64            popa    x            'MUL64(a,b : l,h), c=0
    if_nc        setmula    x            'MUL64U(a,b : l,h), c=1
    if_c        setmulu    x
            popa    x
            setmulb    x
            getmulh    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x
            getmull    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_div64            popa    y            'DIV64(al,ah,b : q,r),  c=0
            popa    x            'DIV64U(al,ah,b : q,r), c=1
            popa    a
    if_nc        setdiva    a
    if_c        setdivu    a
            setdiva    x
            setdivb    y            
            getdivr    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
            pusha    x
            getdivq    x        wc
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_qtrig    if_z_and_c    popa    x            'QSINCOS(r,t : x,y),   z=1, c=0
    if_z_and_c    setqz    x            'QROTATE(x,y,t : x,y), z=1, c=1
            popa    y            'QARCTAN(x,y : r,t),   z=0
            popa    x
    if_z_and_nc    qsincos    y,x
    if_z_and_c    qrotate    x,y
    if_nz        qarctan    x,y
            getqz    x        wc
    if_nc        jmp    #$-1
    if_z        getqy    x
            pusha    x
            getqx    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_setqi            popa    x            'SETQI(i)
            setqi    x


            org    snippet

_clraccs        clraccs                'CLRACCS


            org    snippet

_clracca        clracca                'CLRACCA


            org    snippet

_clraccb        clraccb                'CLRACCB


            org    snippet

_fitaccs        fitaccs                'FITACCS


            org    snippet

_fitacca        fitacca                'FITACCA


            org    snippet

_fitaccb        fitaccb                'FITACCB


            org    snippet

_setacca        popa    y            'SETACCA(l,h)
            popa    x
            setacca    x,y


            org    snippet

_setaccb        popa    y            'SETACCB(l,h)
            popa    x
            setaccb    x,y


            org    snippet

_getacca        getacca    x            'GETACCA(l,h)
            getacca    y
            pusha    y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_getaccb        getaccb    x            'GETACCB(l,h)
            getaccb    y
            pusha    y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_maca            popa    y            'MACA(x,y)
            popa    x
            maca    x,y


            org    snippet

_macb            popa    y            'MACB(x,y)
            popa    x
            macb    x,y
'
'
' Constants
'
            org    snippet

_con8p            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'con8p
_conxp            pusha    x            'con0..con3


            org    snippet

_con9p            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'con9p
            setb    x,#8
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_con8n            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'con8n
_conxn            xor    x,hFFFFFFFF        'conm1
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_con16p            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'con16p
            rdbytec    y,ptra++
            movf    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_con17p            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'con17p
            rdbytec    y,ptra++
            movf    x,y
            setb    x,#16
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_con16n            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'con16n
            rdbytec    y,ptra++
            movf    x,y
            xor    x,hFFFFFFFF
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_con24            reps    #3,#2            'con24p, con24n
            muxc    x,#$FF
            rdbytec    y,ptra++
            movf    x,y
            pusha    x

_con32            reps    #4,#2            'con32
            nop
            rdbytec    y,ptra++
            movf    x,y
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_conexp            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'conexp
            decod5    x        wz, wc
    if_z        sub    x,#1
    if_c        not    x
            pusha    x
'
'
' Register read/write/assign
'
            org    snippet

_rdreg            popa    x            'read register
            movd    :rd,x
            nop
            nop
:rd            pusha    $000


            org    snippet

_wrreg            popa    addr            'write register
            popa    x
            call    #writer


            org    snippet

_asreg            popa    addr            'assign register
            movs    :rd,addr
            jmpd    #assign_long
            mov    assign_i,callwriter
:rd            mov    x,$000
            nop

            org     snippet

_rdregb            call    #bitfield        'read register bitfield
            popa    x
            movs    :rd,x
            jmpd    #readb
            nop
:rd            mov    x,$000
            nop


            org     snippet

_wrregb            call    #bitfield        'write register bitfield
            popa    addr
            movs    :rd,addr
            jmpd    #writeb
            mov    writeb_i,callwriter
:rd            mov    bval,$000
            nop


            org     snippet

_asregb            call    #bitfield        'assign register bitfield
            popa    addr
            movs    :rd,addr
            jmpd    #assignb_long
            mov    writeb_i,callwriter
:rd            mov    bval,$000
            nop
'
'
' Local read/write/assign
'
            org    snippet

_rdloci            popa    y            'read local, indexed
            rdbytec    x,ptra++
            add    x,y

_rdloc            add    x,dbase            'read local, fixed
            setspb    x
            popbr    x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_wrloci            popa    y            'write local, indexed
            rdbytec    x,ptra++
            add    x,y

_wrloc            add    x,dbase            'write local, fixed
            setspb    x
            popa    x
            pushb    x


            org    snippet

_asloci            popa    y            'assign local, indexed
            rdbytec    x,ptra++
            add    x,y

_asloc            jmpd    #assign_local        'assign local, fixed
            add    x,dbase
            setspb    x
            popbr    x


            org    snippet

_rdlocb            call    #bitfield        'read local bitfield
            popa    x
            jmpd    #readb
            add    x,dbase
            setspb    x
            popbr    x


            org    snippet

_wrlocb            call    #bitfield        'write local bitfield
            popa    x
            add    x,dbase
            jmpd    #writeb
            setspb    x
            popbr    bval
            mov    writeb_i,pushbrx


            org    snippet

_aslocb            call    #bitfield        'assign local bitfield
            popa    x
            add    x,dbase
            jmpd    #assignb_long
            setspb    x
            popbr    bval
            mov    writeb_i,pushbrx
'
'
' Memory read/write/assign
'
            org    snippet

_rdbyte            popa    x            'read byte
            rdbyte    x,x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_rdword            popa    x            'read word
            rdword    x,x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_rdlong            popa    x            'read long
            rdlong    x,x
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_wrbyte            popa    y            'write byte
            popa    x
            wrbyte    x,y


            org    snippet

_wrword            popa    y            'write word
            popa    x
            wrword    x,y


            org    snippet

_wrlong            popa    y            'write long
            popa    x
            wrlong    x,y


            org    snippet

_asbyte            popa    addr            'assign byte
            jmpd    #assign
            rdbyte    x,addr
            mov    assign_i,:i
            mov    mask,#$FF

:i            wrbyte    x,addr


            org    snippet

_asword            popa    addr            'assign word
            jmpd    #assign
            rdword    x,addr
            mov    assign_i,:i
            mov    mask,:m

:i            wrword    x,addr
:m            long    $0000FFFF


            org    snippet

_aslong            jmpd    #assign_long        'assign long
            popa    addr
            rdlong    x,addr
            mov    assign_i,:i

:i            wrlong    x,addr


            org    snippet

_rdbyteb        call    #bitfield        'read byte bitfield
            popa    x
            rdbyte    x,x
            jmp    #readb


            org    snippet

_rdwordb        call    #bitfield        'read word bitfield
            popa    x
            rdword    x,x
            jmp    #readb


            org    snippet

_rdlongb        call    #bitfield        'read long bitfield
            popa    x
            rdlong    x,x
            jmp    #readb


            org    snippet

_wrbyteb        call    #bitfield        'write byte bitfield
            jmpd    #writeb
            popa    addr
            rdbyte    bval,addr
            mov    writeb_i,:wr

:wr            wrbyte    x,addr


            org    snippet

_wrwordb        call    #bitfield        'write word bitfield
            jmpd    #writeb
            popa    addr
            rdword    bval,addr
            mov    writeb_i,:wr

:wr            wrword    x,addr


            org    snippet

_wrlongb        call    #bitfield        'write long bitfield
            jmpd    #writeb
            popa    addr
            rdlong    bval,addr
            mov    writeb_i,:wr

:wr            wrlong    x,addr


            org    snippet

_asbyteb        call    #bitfield        'assign byte bitfield
            mov    mask,#$FF
            jmpd    #assignb
            popa    addr
            rdbyte    bval,addr
            mov    writeb_i,:wr

:wr            wrbyte    x,addr


            org    snippet

_aswordb        call    #bitfield        'assign word bitfield
            mov    mask,:mask
            jmpd    #assignb
            popa    addr
            rdword    bval,addr
            mov    writeb_i,:wr

:wr            wrword    x,addr
:mask            long    $0000FFFF


            org    snippet

_aslongb        call    #bitfield        'assign long bitfield
            jmpd    #assignb_long
            popa    addr
            rdlong    bval,addr
            mov    writeb_i,:wr

:wr            wrlong    x,addr
'
'
' Memory offsets and indexing
'
            org    snippet

_base            call    #xword
    if_nc        add    x,vbase            'vbase, c=0
    if_c        add    x,pbase            'pbase, c=1
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_index            popa    y            'ibyte, x=0
            shl    y,x            'iword, x=1
            popa    x            'ilong, x=2
            add    x,y
            pusha    x
'
'
' Branch jmp/jz/jnz/tjz/djnz
'
            org    snippet

_jmp            call    #xword            'jmp
            addptra    x


            org    snippet

_jxz            popa    y        wz    'jz,  c=1    jnz, c=0
            call    #xword
    if_z_eq_c    addptra    x


            org    snippet

_tjz            popa    y        wz    'tjz
    if_nz        pusha    y
            call    #xword
    if_z        addptra    x


            org    snippet

_djnz            popa    y            'djnz
            sub    y,#1        wz
    if_nz        pusha    y
            call    #xword
    if_nz        addptra    x
'
'
' Drop anchor
'
' \sub        x = %00
' \sub result    x = %01
'  sub        x = %10
'  sub result    x = %11
'
            org    snippet

_drop            pusha    dcall            'push dcall (later used for pcurr)
            getspa    dcall            'set new dcall

            pusha    dbase            'push return dbase

            pusha    vbase            'push return vbase

            or    x,pbase            'push return pbase w/flags
            pusha    x

            pusha    #0            'init 'result' to 0
'
'
' Call
'
' obj.sub    z=1, c=0
' obj.sub[]    z=1, c=1
' obj[].sub    z=0, c=0
' obj[].sub[]    z=0, c=1
' sub             c=0
' sub[]             c=1
' ptr
'
            org    snippet

_callobj        rdbytec    x,ptra++        'get obj byte
    if_nz        popa    a            'add any index
    if_nz        add    x,a

            jmpd    #call_obj        'jump to handler, delayed

            rdbytec    y,ptra++        'get sub byte
    if_c        popa    a            'add any index
    if_c        add    y,a


            org    snippet

_callsub        jmpd    #call_sub        'jump to handler, delayed

            rdbytec    y,ptra++        'get sub byte
    if_c        popa    a            'add any index
    if_c        add    y,a


            org    snippet

_callptr        popa    x            'get sub [31..29]/[15..13], vbase [28..16], pbase [12..0]

            mov    vbase,#0        'clear vbase/pbase
            mov    pbase,#0

            mov    y,x            'get sub (6-bits)
            mov    a,x
            shr    y,#32-3-3
            and    y,#%111000
            jmpd    #call_ptr        'jump to handler, delayed
            shr    a,#16-3
            and    a,#%000111
            or    y,a
'
'
' RETURN/ABORT
'
' RETURN    z=1, c=0
' ABORT        z=1, c=1
' RETURN value    z=0, c=0
' ABORT value    z=0, c=1
'
            org    snippet

_return    if_z        setspa    dbase            'if no value, return result
    if_z        popar    x

    if_nz        popa    x            'if value, pop it

:again            setspa    dbase            'set dbase

            popa    pbase            'pop pbase
    if_c        test    pbase,#%10    wc    'if abort and try, return again

    if_c        jmpd    #:again

            popa    vbase            'pop vbase
            popa    dbase            'pop dbase
            popa    y            'pop pcurr

            setptra    y            'set ptra to pcurr

            test    pbase,#%01    wc    'push result?
            andn    pbase,#%11
    if_c        pusha    x
'
'
' Get vbase/pbase
'
            org    snippet

_basesub        mov    y,vbase
            shl    y,#16-4

            mov    x,pbase
            shr    x,#4

            or    x,y

            pusha    x
'
'
' Get pbase/vbase of obj
'
' obj        c=0
' obj[]        c=1
'
            org    snippet

_baseobj        rdbytec    x,ptra++        'get obj byte

    if_c        popa    y            'handle index
    if_c        add    x,y

            shl    x,#2            'scale offset

            add    x,pbase            'get obj pbase/vbase offset
            rdlong    x,x

            mov    y,x            'get obj vbase
            shr    y,#16-4
            add    y,vbase
            and    y,h0001FFF0
            shl    y,#16-4

            shl    x,#4            'get obj pbase
            add    x,pbase
            and    x,h0001FFF0
            shr    x,#4

            or    x,y            'merge vbase/pbase

            pusha    x            'push obj vbase/pbase
'
'
' Make subroutine ptr
'
' base.sub    c=0
' base.sub[]    c=1
'
            org    snippet

_subptr            rdbytec    a,ptra++        'get sub number

    if_c        popa    b            'handle sub index
    if_c        add    a,b

            mov    b,a            'split 6-bit index
            and    b,#%111000        'top 3 bits into [31..29]
            shl    b,#32-6
            and    a,#%000111        'bottom 3 bits into [15..13]
            shl    a,#16-3

            popa    x            'pop base vbase/pbase

            or    x,b            'install index into pbase/vbase
            or    x,a

            pusha    x            'push subroutine pointer
'
'
' Case
'
            org    snippet            'case value

_casev            call    #xword            'get branch address

            popa    a            'pop value
            popa    y            'pop target
            cmp    a,y        wz    'value = target?
            
    if_nz        addspa    #1            'if mismatch, unpop target

    if_z        addptra    x            'if match, branch


            org    snippet            'case range (z=1)

_caser            call    #xword            'get branch address

            popa    b            'pop range end
            popa    a            'pop range begin
            popa    y            'pop target

            sub    b,a            '||(end - begin), c=1 if reverse range
            abs    b,b        wc

            sub    y,a            '+/-(target - begin)
            negc    y,y

            cmp    b,y        wc    'match if ||(end - begin) => +/-(target - begin)

    if_c        addspa    #1            'if mismatch, unpop target

    if_nc        addptra    x            'if match, branch


            org    snippet            'case done

_casedone        popa    x            'pop target
            popa    x            'pop address
            addptra    x            'jump to address
'
'
' Lookup/lookdown
'
            org    snippet            'lookup value

_lookupv        popa    a            'pop value
            popa    x            'pop index
            popa    y            'pop target

            cmp    x,y        wz    'match if index = target

    if_nz        addspa    #1            'if no match, unpop target
    if_nz        add    x,#1            '..increment index
    if_nz        pusha    x            '..push index

    if_z        popa    addr            'if match, pop address
    if_z        pusha    a            '..push result
    if_z        setptra    addr            '..branch


            org    snippet            'lookup range

_lookupr        popa    b            'pop range end
            popa    a            'pop range begin
            popa    x            'pop index
            popa    y            'pop target

            sub    b,a            'end - begin
            abs    b,b        wc    '||(end - begin), c=1 if reverse range
            sub    y,x            'target - index
            sumc    a,y            'result = begin +/- (target - index)

            cmp    b,y        wc    'match if ||(end - begin) => (target - index)

    if_c        addspa    #1            'if no match, unpop target
    if_c        addx    x,b            '..add ||(end - begin) + 1 to index
    if_c        pusha    x            '..push index

    if_nc        popa    addr            'if match, pop address
    if_nc        pusha    a            '..push result
    if_nc        setptra    addr            '..branch


            org    snippet            'lookdown value

_lookdnv        popa    a            'pop value
            popa    x            'pop index
            popa    y            'pop target

            cmp    a,y        wz    'match if value = target

    if_nz        addspa    #1            'if no match, unpop target
    if_nz        add    x,#1            '..increment index
    if_nz        pusha    x            '..push index

    if_z        popa    addr            'if match, pop address
    if_z        pusha    x            '..push result
    if_z        setptra    addr            '..branch


            org    snippet            'lookdown range

_lookdnr        popa    b            'pop range end
            popa    a            'pop range begin
            popa    x            'pop index
            popa    y            'pop target

            sub    b,a            '||(end - begin), c=1 if reverse range
            abs    b,b        wc

            sub    y,a            '+/-(target - begin)
            negc    y,y

            cmp    b,y        wc    'match if ||(end - begin) => +/-(target - begin)

    if_c        addspa    #1            'if no match, unpop target
    if_c        addx    x,b            '..add ||(end - begin) + 1 to index
    if_c        pusha    x            '..push index

    if_nc        popa    addr            'if match, pop address
    if_nc        add    x,y            '..result = index +/- (target - begin)
    if_nc        pusha    x            '..push result
    if_nc        setptra    addr            '..branch


            org    snippet            'lookup/lookdown done

_lookdone        subspa    #3            'pop index/target/address
            pusha    #0            'push 0 result
'
'
' Miscellaneous
'
            org    snippet

_pop            rdbytec    x,ptra++        'pop
            subspa    x


            org    snippet

_clkset            popa    x            'clkset
            clkset    x


            org    snippet

_cogid            cogid    x            'cogid
            pusha    x


            org    snippet

_coginit        popa    y            'coginit
            popa    x
            popa    a
            setcog    a
            coginit    x,y        wc
    if_nz_and_c    pusha    #0
    if_nz_and_nc    pusha    hFFFFFFFF


            org    snippet

_cogstop        popa    x            'cogstop
            cogstop    x

This interpreter is for the built-in 17-bit address space (128KB), but can easily be changed to 32-bit XMM. I started out on the 32-bit addressing path, but figured it was more practical, at first, to make a native 17-bit version, as an external SDRAM can easily be managed by Spin code for huge data.

This interpreter leaves the first $150+ longs in the cog free for in-line assembly code and terminate-stay-resident type applications which can run concurrently with the interpreter via hardware multi-tasking.

In the new Spin, all variables are bit-range addressable for read/write/read-modify-write operations. Bit ranges can be high..low or low..high. This is mainly important for I/O registers which relate to physical pins, but it makes bit fields within other types (locals, hub ram, cog RAM registers) easy to manipulate, as well.

This interpreter works by getting a byte code, looking up a descriptor long, loading a snippet of assembly code, and executing it. The interpreter currently lacks initialization code, which will be written last, but it has all the snippets for math operations, calls, branches, lookup/lookdown, cog starting and stopping, and housekeeping. It's about 4.5KB now. Once I get the compiler working on the PC side, I'll augment the interpreter to include special I/O handling and other functions that are not needed at first, but make it complete.

cgracey · 2013-07-01 13:11

Sapieha wrote: »

Hi Chip.

Why You don't use that sequence in this place

orgh base
org $0
orgF $15B

That give even correct place with loading to COG.

I will do something like that. I'm just not there yet.

Sapieha · 2013-07-01 13:13

Hi Chip.

Thanks for replay.

I have posted in PNut thread one dumb question to You.
Have You read that?

cgracey wrote: »

I will do something like that. I'm just not there yet.

Sapieha · 2013-07-01 13:16

Hi Chip.

Link to question

http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php/148611-New-PNUT.EXE-loads-all-128KB-of-Hub-RAM?p=1190665&viewfull=1#post1190665

Ariba · 2013-07-01 16:15

cgracey wrote: »

....
This interpreter leaves the first $150+ longs in the cog free for in-line assembly code and terminate-stay-resident type applications which can run concurrently with the interpreter via hardware multi-tasking.
....

Thanks Chip for the very interesting code.

A lot to study, but one thing caught my eye immediatly: You use a lot of delayed jumps/calls/returns. All with 3 delay slots. The problem is: if you do hardware multi tasking the number of the delay slots depends on the number of tasks and the task-scheduler settings.
So if the assembly code installs hardware tasks, the interpreter will no longer work. The only reliable solution for code that should work with and without tasks is to avoid delayed instructions. Unfortunatly this will make the interpreter a bit slower.

Andy

Cluso99 · 2013-07-01 16:34

Great work Chip.

Some of the snippets (the short ones) would be faster implemented as LMM but of course that can come later.

I noticed that you don't have the return from the snippet coded within each snippet, nor a way to determine its length, so do you plan to make the compiler add this? Some form of a macro expansion would be nice for this.

Ariba · 2013-07-01 17:00

Cluso

The description table holds the length of the snippets in the lower 7 bits and the overlay loader always adds a jump back at the end of the loaded instructions.

Andy

cgracey · 2013-07-01 17:34

Ariba wrote: »

Thanks Chip for the very interesting code.

A lot to study, but one thing caught my eye immediatly: You use a lot of delayed jumps/calls/returns. All with 3 delay slots. The problem is: if you do hardware multi tasking the number of the delay slots depends on the number of tasks and the task-scheduler settings.
So if the assembly code installs hardware tasks, the interpreter will no longer work. The only reliable solution for code that should work with and without tasks is to avoid delayed instructions. Unfortunatly this will make the interpreter a bit slower.

Andy

Good observation, Ariba! I guess I was on the road to "finding out" there was a problem. I'll have to get rid of all delayed jumps, as you've pointed out.

There is another more insidious problem that I've been thinking about: read-modify-writes to PINx and DIRx registers in Spin will conflict with concurrent multi-tasking PASM code doing atomic operations on PINx/DIRx. The only way around this is to limit Spin operations on PINx/DIRx to atomic operations like concurrent PASM code is likely to do. It makes affecting a bit field within those registers kind of impossible, unless your desire is to simply set or clear some bits. If we revise the Verilog, I'll make some atomic masked-write instructions that could get around this problem. For now, it's a problem. Even multi-threading can't get around this, as several Spin instructions might perform a r-m-w process on PINx/DIRx.

Ariba · 2013-07-01 19:31

cgracey wrote: »

Good observation, Ariba! I guess I was on the road to "finding out" there was a problem. I'll have to get rid of all delayed jumps, as you've pointed out.

There is another more insidious problem that I've been thinking about: read-modify-writes to PINx and DIRx registers in Spin will conflict with concurrent multi-tasking PASM code doing atomic operations on PINx/DIRx. The only way around this is to limit Spin operations on PINx/DIRx to atomic operations like concurrent PASM code is likely to do. It makes affecting a bit field within those registers kind of impossible, unless your desire is to simply set or clear some bits. If we revise the Verilog, I'll make some atomic masked-write instructions that could get around this problem. For now, it's a problem. Even multi-threading can't get around this, as several Spin instructions might perform a r-m-w process on PINx/DIRx.

With an XOR instruction it should be possible to change a field of bits to any state you wish with an atomic instruction:.
Example:

outa[9..3] := $55

  mov bits,#$55
  mov mask,#%1111111
  shl bits,#3
  shl mask,#3
  mov tmp,outa
  xor tmp,bits
  and tmp,mask
  xor outa,tmp   'atomic modify

As long as the concurrent PASM code does not change bits 3..9 of outa this should work.

Andy

cgracey · 2013-07-01 21:40

Ariba wrote: »
With an XOR instruction it should be possible to change a field of bits to any state you wish with an atomic instruction:.
Example:
outa[9..3] := $55

  mov bits,#$55
  mov mask,#%1111111
  shl bits,#3
  shl mask,#3
  mov tmp,outa
  xor tmp,bits
  and tmp,mask
  xor outa,tmp   'atomic modify
As long as the concurrent PASM code does not change bits 3..9 of outa this should work.

Andy

Wow!!! That's a great idea. As long as the Spin code and concurrent PASM code don't mess with each other's pins, there would be no conflict. Problem solved. And no need for new instructions!

Thanks for thinking about this, Andy.

I'll have to make shadow registers for not just PINx, but DIRx, as well.

Bill Henning · 2013-07-02 08:36

Thanks for posting Chip - looks very interesting.

I especially like the 150 long fcache area, that is going to be extremely useful.

I think perhaps there should be two versions of the interpreter:

1) supports tasks, does not use delayed instructions

2) does not support tasks, but uses delayed instructions

The second version should probably come well after (1) is fully functional and debugged

Looking forward to the new PNut with Spin support!

parsko · 2013-07-05 20:03

Hi Guys!

Sorry for the news on the first run. 8 weeks will go by quick. I'm very eager to play with the new chip when the time arrives.

Good luck!!!!!

-Parsko

cgracey · 2013-07-05 23:13

parsko wrote: »

Hi Guys!

Sorry for the news on the first run. 8 weeks will go by quick. I'm very eager to play with the new chip when the time arrives.

Good luck!!!!!

-Parsko

If this new chip works, we'll be able to make 100k more units from the same mask set, so there won't be much delay for actual chips.

SRLM · 2013-07-06 01:42

cgracey wrote: »

If this new chip works, we'll be able to make 100k more units from the same mask set, so there won't be much delay for actual chips.

That sounds like you decided not to go with the shuttle run and share a mask with other designs?

Electrodude · 2013-07-06 11:42

You used pusha and popa for the spin stack. Will there be a way to extend stack space into hub ram if the whole stack doesn't fit in stack ram?

Sapieha · 2013-07-06 11:54

Stack are part of COG -- and can't be extended

Electrodude wrote: »

You used pusha and popa for the spin stack. Will there be a way to extend stack space into hub ram if the whole stack doesn't fit in stack ram?

potatohead · 2013-07-06 15:13

Oh, but it could easily be extended outside the COG for SPIN, which is what the other person was asking.

Sapieha · 2013-07-06 18:36

Sorry my bad thinking

potatohead wrote: »

Oh, but it could easily be extended outside the COG for SPIN, which is what the other person was asking.

cgracey · 2013-07-06 19:01

SRLM wrote: »

That sounds like you decided not to go with the shuttle run and share a mask with other designs?

The foundry we are using offers multi-layer reticles, not just single-layer. This means that a mask will have images for more than one process step. It's not ideal for mass production because they expose only half the area (or 1/3 or 1/4, etc.) at a time that a single-layer reticle would.

Propeller II update - BLOG

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