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Switching AC loads — Parallax Forums

Switching AC loads

ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
edited 2004-01-24 18:07 in General Discussion
Hi All,

I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power relays, I
can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC with
a power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other options
are there? Thanks.

-Dave

Comments

  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-22 14:24
    You need a triac to switch AC. Since it can be very tricky business,
    and hazardous to the health of your Stamp if you make a bad connection,
    we recommend opto-coupling. A company called Opto-22 makes high
    quality, optically coupled SSRs (solid-state relays) that are easy to
    connect to digital circuits. If you want to roll-your-own (not
    recommended), you can find plenty of stock circuits on the Internet
    using the MOC3010/MOC3012 (opto-triac) to switch a power triac.

    We carry a small range of Opto-22 parts:
    http://www.parallax.com/detail.asp?product_id=27322

    -- Jon Williams
    -- Applications Engineer, Parallax
    -- Dallas Office


    Original Message
    From: nuclearspin2000 [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=zevd6IuFs6_kIT41IqWQ6qqkW_2NAJfF_Wq9AkOegYT03ufjdYaPf8h1gSxyLybSkKQcMhDCM-pIx1UURYj6pbP4Zg]nuclearspin2000@y...[/url
    Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2004 8:02 AM
    To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Switching AC loads


    Hi All,

    I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
    looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power relays, I
    can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC with
    a power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other options
    are there? Thanks.

    -Dave
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-22 14:34
    I would use a solid state relay. I recommend Crydom model D1210 for
    120vac@10amp or D2410 for 240vac@10amps. These are well proven in some
    nasty industrial environments and can be driven by the stamp. I would use a
    transistor switch between the stamp and the relay just to make the circuit a
    bit more robust but it is not absolutely necessary if only switching one or
    two of these relays. check out this web site for info on interfacing the
    stamp to various devices.

    http://www.geocities.com/jimforkin2003/
    jim

    Original Message
    From: nuclearspin2000 [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=K3GNVm36fULITk19GqvIXTtCxB1UDlAcx0PlYMZF2gBJZj2Ey9LP_rZ4kg3GutFzXrG-Sdkgl6BCYRUMAVbniUQ]nuclearspin2000@y...[/url
    Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2004 9:02 AM
    To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Switching AC loads


    Hi All,

    I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
    looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power relays, I
    can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC with
    a power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other options
    are there? Thanks.

    -Dave


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  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-22 19:21
    Triacs are cheap if you're not doing too much load. SSR's usually are
    aimed towards larger loads but work fairly well (I'm not sure about
    'failure prone')

    On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, nuclearspin2000 wrote:

    > Hi All,
    >
    > I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
    > looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power relays, I
    > can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC with
    > a power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other options
    > are there? Thanks.
    >
    > -Dave
    >
    >
    > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject and Body
    of the message will be ignored.
    >
    >
    > Yahoo! Groups Links
    >
    > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    >
    > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
    > http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    >
    >
    >

    Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc. (ServNet)
    Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma - Bremerton
    email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    "Do not fear mistakes, There Are None" - Miles Davis
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-22 19:57
    Opto isolated triacs, aka solid state relays, are safer for the mundane<G>.
    This keeps the grounds and neutrals isolated. It is possible to put the
    solid state relays into a separate sub-box so that the control circuit may
    be worked on by "any Mr. All-Thumbs and Elbows" safely<G>. The SSR is
    essentially a triac with the opto-isolator built in, and in a nice package
    to boot.

    I haven't had problems with SSRs failing, and I have shorted loads (on
    purpose) through 80 Amp ones arrayed into a 3-phase switch. Still, my
    situation may not be typical<G>.

    NOTE: Solid state relays do dissipate heat. Consider heat sink needs when
    driving loads above an Amp or so. Same with Triacs.

    Find a Hamfest somewhere near. They usually have vendors with new and used
    equipment and parts at attractive prices<G>.

    Original Message
    From: Sean T. Lamont .lost. [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=DBMHjmCwCpAosaEKTjuPUVRSR-dOiMzwtVtsGi5pCzCP6lCxrUyKw-UB7pY0nvpc4fTKrCDu3J7rIhO5k6k]lamont@a...[/url
    Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2004 2:22 PM
    To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Switching AC loads



    Triacs are cheap if you're not doing too much load. SSR's usually are aimed
    towards larger loads but work fairly well (I'm not sure about 'failure
    prone')

    On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, nuclearspin2000 wrote:

    > Hi All,
    >
    > I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
    > looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power relays, I
    > can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC with a
    > power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other options are
    > there? Thanks.
    >
    > -Dave
    >
    >
    > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject
    > and Body of the message will be ignored.
    >
    >
    > Yahoo! Groups Links
    >
    > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    >
    > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
    > http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    >
    >
    >

    Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc. (ServNet)
    Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma - Bremerton
    email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    "Do not fear mistakes, There Are None" - Miles Davis


    To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
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  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-22 20:05
    Solid state relays are not the same as opto isolated triacs. Many solid
    state relays are fairly complicated beasts, but they allow you to do
    things that you couldn't do with a triac, like switch a 60 amp 220 load
    with 10 ma of control current.

    On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, Grover Richardson wrote:

    > Opto isolated triacs, aka solid state relays, are safer for the mundane<G>.
    > This keeps the grounds and neutrals isolated. It is possible to put the
    > solid state relays into a separate sub-box so that the control circuit may
    > be worked on by "any Mr. All-Thumbs and Elbows" safely<G>. The SSR is
    > essentially a triac with the opto-isolator built in, and in a nice package
    > to boot.
    >
    > I haven't had problems with SSRs failing, and I have shorted loads (on
    > purpose) through 80 Amp ones arrayed into a 3-phase switch. Still, my
    > situation may not be typical<G>.
    >
    > NOTE: Solid state relays do dissipate heat. Consider heat sink needs when
    > driving loads above an Amp or so. Same with Triacs.
    >
    > Find a Hamfest somewhere near. They usually have vendors with new and used
    > equipment and parts at attractive prices<G>.
    >
    >
    Original Message
    > From: Sean T. Lamont .lost. [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=Difkb6bMr1au8bWQPn78dl5_O3Lt1U6eChAKdmSMKoLyFBilv7l_sHtIOuWbRTpN7n3Q0bj8qcakB8_rWTUdwF0]lamont@a...[/url
    > Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2004 2:22 PM
    > To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    > Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Switching AC loads
    >
    >
    >
    > Triacs are cheap if you're not doing too much load. SSR's usually are aimed
    > towards larger loads but work fairly well (I'm not sure about 'failure
    > prone')
    >
    > On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, nuclearspin2000 wrote:
    >
    > > Hi All,
    > >
    > > I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
    > > looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power relays, I
    > > can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC with a
    > > power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other options are
    > > there? Thanks.
    > >
    > > -Dave
    > >
    > >
    > > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject
    > > and Body of the message will be ignored.
    > >
    > >
    > > Yahoo! Groups Links
    > >
    > > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    > >
    > > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > >
    > > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
    > > http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    > >
    > >
    > >
    >
    > Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc. (ServNet)
    > Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma - Bremerton
    > email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    > "Do not fear mistakes, There Are None" - Miles Davis
    >
    >
    > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject and
    > Body of the message will be ignored.
    >
    >
    > Yahoo! Groups Links
    >
    > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    >
    > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    >
    >
    >
    > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject and Body
    of the message will be ignored.
    >
    >
    > Yahoo! Groups Links
    >
    > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    >
    > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
    > http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    >
    >
    >

    Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc. (ServNet)
    Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma - Bremerton
    email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    "Do not fear mistakes, There Are None" - Miles Davis
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-22 21:10
    Functionally, from a block diagram, simplistic description point of view,
    was my intention<G>. I was ignoring the finer points. But you are
    absolutely correct.

    Original Message
    From: Sean T. Lamont .lost. [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=ybuP9EBAdl3AJ8ogsWP9oaUSGAFKStJypfJVRRIlGwjEU_GUUyEbUpVPvFKiVnj1dgRirrkEJijIpSb_iLM]lamont@a...[/url
    Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2004 3:06 PM
    To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    Subject: RE: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Switching AC loads



    Solid state relays are not the same as opto isolated triacs. Many solid
    state relays are fairly complicated beasts, but they allow you to do things
    that you couldn't do with a triac, like switch a 60 amp 220 load with 10 ma
    of control current.

    On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, Grover Richardson wrote:

    > Opto isolated triacs, aka solid state relays, are safer for the
    > mundane<G>. This keeps the grounds and neutrals isolated. It is
    > possible to put the solid state relays into a separate sub-box so that
    > the control circuit may be worked on by "any Mr. All-Thumbs and
    > Elbows" safely<G>. The SSR is essentially a triac with the
    > opto-isolator built in, and in a nice package to boot.
    >
    > I haven't had problems with SSRs failing, and I have shorted loads (on
    > purpose) through 80 Amp ones arrayed into a 3-phase switch. Still, my
    > situation may not be typical<G>.
    >
    > NOTE: Solid state relays do dissipate heat. Consider heat sink needs
    > when driving loads above an Amp or so. Same with Triacs.
    >
    > Find a Hamfest somewhere near. They usually have vendors with new and
    > used equipment and parts at attractive prices<G>.
    >
    >
    Original Message
    > From: Sean T. Lamont .lost. [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=ybuP9EBAdl3AJ8ogsWP9oaUSGAFKStJypfJVRRIlGwjEU_GUUyEbUpVPvFKiVnj1dgRirrkEJijIpSb_iLM]lamont@a...[/url
    > Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2004 2:22 PM
    > To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    > Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Switching AC loads
    >
    >
    >
    > Triacs are cheap if you're not doing too much load. SSR's usually are
    > aimed towards larger loads but work fairly well (I'm not sure about
    > 'failure
    > prone')
    >
    > On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, nuclearspin2000 wrote:
    >
    > > Hi All,
    > >
    > > I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
    > > looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power relays, I
    > > can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC with
    > > a power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other options
    > > are there? Thanks.
    > >
    > > -Dave
    > >
    > >
    > > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the
    > > Subject and Body of the message will be ignored.
    > >
    > >
    > > Yahoo! Groups Links
    > >
    > > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    > >
    > > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > >
    > > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
    > > http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    > >
    > >
    > >
    >
    > Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc. (ServNet)
    > Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma - Bremerton
    > email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    > "Do not fear mistakes, There Are None" - Miles Davis
    >
    >
    > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject
    > and Body of the message will be ignored.
    >
    >
    > Yahoo! Groups Links
    >
    > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    >
    > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
    > http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    >
    >
    >
    > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject
    > and Body of the message will be ignored.
    >
    >
    > Yahoo! Groups Links
    >
    > To visit your group on the web, go to:
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    >
    > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
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    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
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    >
    >
    >

    Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc. (ServNet)
    Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma - Bremerton
    email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    "Do not fear mistakes, There Are None" - Miles Davis


    To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
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  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-23 04:10
    Specifically, what I want to do is automatically switch a 5400 BTU
    window air conditioner (120VAC) on/off during the summer which
    doesn't already have this capability. The nameplate specifies 5.5A,
    although it also says to use a 15A time delay fuse or circuit breaker
    but I'm assuming the 5.5A rating is the continuous steady state
    current rating. I've already worked out the finer electronics points
    to make it work, now I just have to switch the power safely and
    reliably either using triacs or power relays/optos with switching
    transistors for relay coils if used. The finished unit will be in its
    own enclosure BTW for obvious safety reasons. I know relays can get
    warm (dissipate pwr) but is a heatsink necessary as long as you don't
    overload the relay beyond it's rated specs? Thanks.

    -Dave


    --- In basicstamps@yahoogroups.com, "Sean T. Lamont .lost."
    <lamont@a...> wrote:
    >
    > Triacs are cheap if you're not doing too much load. SSR's usually
    are
    > aimed towards larger loads but work fairly well (I'm not sure about
    > 'failure prone')
    >
    > On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, nuclearspin2000 wrote:
    >
    > > Hi All,
    > >
    > > I need to be able to switch an AC load on/off with my Stamp but am
    > > looking for alternatives to expensive, failure prone power
    relays, I
    > > can do it with a relay if I must. I've never tried switching AC
    with
    > > a power MOSFET before (just DC), can it be done? What other
    options
    > > are there? Thanks.
    > >
    > > -Dave
    > >
    > >
    > > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    > > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > > from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the
    Subject and Body of the message will be ignored.
    > >
    > >
    > > Yahoo! Groups Links
    > >
    > > To visit your group on the web, go to:
    > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/
    > >
    > > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    > > basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    > >
    > > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
    > > http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
    > >
    > >
    > >
    >
    > Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc.
    (ServNet)
    > Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma -
    Bremerton
    > email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    > "Do not fear mistakes, There Are None" - Miles Davis
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-23 09:10
    At 04:10 AM 1/23/04 +0000, nuclearspin2000 wrote:
    >Specifically, what I want to do is automatically switch a 5400 BTU
    >window air conditioner (120VAC) on/off during the summer which
    >doesn't already have this capability. The nameplate specifies 5.5A,
    >although it also says to use a 15A time delay fuse or circuit breaker
    >but I'm assuming the 5.5A rating is the continuous steady state
    >current rating. I've already worked out the finer electronics points
    >to make it work, now I just have to switch the power safely and
    >reliably either using triacs or power relays/optos with switching
    >transistors for relay coils if used. The finished unit will be in its
    >own enclosure BTW for obvious safety reasons. I know relays can get
    >warm (dissipate pwr) but is a heatsink necessary as long as you don't
    >overload the relay beyond it's rated specs? Thanks.
    >
    >-Dave

    Dave -

    Here is the simplest, and least expensive solution to your switching needs. Use
    this X-10 Appliance Module, rated at 15 amps:
    http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_am466.htm

    At $ 14.00 USD per unit, I really can't think of a less expensive solution which
    provides the same degree of safety. If these happen to be 220 volt units, that
    can be accommodated as well by use of this $ 30.00 USD Appliance Module:
    http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_hd243.htm

    On the programming side, all you need to do is use the XOUT command to control
    the module from your Stamp. See the Basic Stamp Manual for details of that
    command. If you choose to expand this system, that can be easily done, as well
    as using manual control from an X-10 console, or even an X-10 Telephone
    Interface.
    Lastly, this solution permits individual control of multiple outlets, by use of
    the house and unit codes on the modules.

    Use of these modules provides appropriate grounding, and there are no heat
    worries. Since there is no direct connection between the Appliance Module and
    the Stamp, there are no interfacing or safety problems either.

    Regards,

    Bruce Bates
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-23 14:33
    Using the X10 is a good idea.
    For X10, you need a 'slave' (the unit you
    plug your Air Conditioner into) and a 'controller'
    (a unit which you use to send on/off signals
    to the 'slave').

    I recommend the X10 'firecracker' module.
    This is a small RF module you connect to your
    BS2, which 'talks' to a 'controller' module
    with an antenna you plug in to the wall.
    Around $20.00 for the package. Also comes
    with an RF remote so YOU can control the
    'slave'.

    Thus, for $20.00 for the 'controller', and
    $20.00 or so for the 'slave', you have a
    complete solution which keeps you away from
    the AC power lines.


    --- In basicstamps@yahoogroups.com, Bruce Bates <bvbates@u...> wrote:
    > At 04:10 AM 1/23/04 +0000, nuclearspin2000 wrote:
    > >Specifically, what I want to do is automatically switch a 5400 BTU
    > >window air conditioner (120VAC) on/off during the summer which
    > >doesn't already have this capability. The nameplate specifies
    5.5A,
    > >although it also says to use a 15A time delay fuse or circuit
    breaker
    > >but I'm assuming the 5.5A rating is the continuous steady state
    > >current rating. I've already worked out the finer electronics
    points
    > >to make it work, now I just have to switch the power safely and
    > >reliably either using triacs or power relays/optos with switching
    > >transistors for relay coils if used. The finished unit will be in
    its
    > >own enclosure BTW for obvious safety reasons. I know relays can
    get
    > >warm (dissipate pwr) but is a heatsink necessary as long as you
    don't
    > >overload the relay beyond it's rated specs? Thanks.
    > >
    > >-Dave
    >
    > Dave -
    >
    > Here is the simplest, and least expensive solution to your
    switching needs. Use this X-10 Appliance Module, rated at 15 amps:
    http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_am466.htm
    >
    > At $ 14.00 USD per unit, I really can't think of a less expensive
    solution which provides the same degree of safety. If these happen to
    be 220 volt units, that
    > can be accommodated as well by use of this $ 30.00 USD Appliance
    Module:
    > http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_hd243.htm
    >
    > On the programming side, all you need to do is use the XOUT command
    to control
    > the module from your Stamp. See the Basic Stamp Manual for details
    of that command. If you choose to expand this system, that can be
    easily done, as well
    > as using manual control from an X-10 console, or even an X-10
    Telephone Interface.
    > Lastly, this solution permits individual control of multiple
    outlets, by use of the house and unit codes on the modules.
    >
    > Use of these modules provides appropriate grounding, and there are
    no heat worries. Since there is no direct connection between the
    Appliance Module and the Stamp, there are no interfacing or safety
    problems either.
    >
    > Regards,
    >
    > Bruce Bates
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-23 14:46
    Yes, I like the firecracker as well. It is pretty easy to drive from the
    Stamp without the RF remote. I did a Stamp Project of the Month about it
    awhile back (I don't recall the exact link but it is the last or 2nd to last
    document at http://www.awce.com/doclib.htm.

    Regards,

    Al Williams
    AWC
    * New Universal PCB fits 28/40 pin Stamp, Ubicom, more...
    http://www.awce.com/gpmpu40.htm


    Original Message
    From: Allan Lane [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=KcjvMhmZsYFboo7lBJVDnxPZ7i7cT8Ctm9XuBA-dUFrwN7FokL8pWvRs7sdhQ7ao47ey91Vn4Nne4HSO9l4MytYLkg]allan.lane@h...[/url
    Sent: Friday, January 23, 2004 8:33 AM
    To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Re: Switching AC loads


    Using the X10 is a good idea.
    For X10, you need a 'slave' (the unit you
    plug your Air Conditioner into) and a 'controller'
    (a unit which you use to send on/off signals
    to the 'slave').

    I recommend the X10 'firecracker' module.
    This is a small RF module you connect to your
    BS2, which 'talks' to a 'controller' module
    with an antenna you plug in to the wall.
    Around $20.00 for the package. Also comes
    with an RF remote so YOU can control the
    'slave'.

    Thus, for $20.00 for the 'controller', and
    $20.00 or so for the 'slave', you have a
    complete solution which keeps you away from
    the AC power lines.


    --- In basicstamps@yahoogroups.com, Bruce Bates <bvbates@u...> wrote:
    > At 04:10 AM 1/23/04 +0000, nuclearspin2000 wrote:
    > >Specifically, what I want to do is automatically switch a 5400 BTU
    > >window air conditioner (120VAC) on/off during the summer which
    > >doesn't already have this capability. The nameplate specifies
    5.5A,
    > >although it also says to use a 15A time delay fuse or circuit
    breaker
    > >but I'm assuming the 5.5A rating is the continuous steady state
    > >current rating. I've already worked out the finer electronics
    points
    > >to make it work, now I just have to switch the power safely and
    > >reliably either using triacs or power relays/optos with switching
    > >transistors for relay coils if used. The finished unit will be in
    its
    > >own enclosure BTW for obvious safety reasons. I know relays can
    get
    > >warm (dissipate pwr) but is a heatsink necessary as long as you
    don't
    > >overload the relay beyond it's rated specs? Thanks.
    > >
    > >-Dave
    >
    > Dave -
    >
    > Here is the simplest, and least expensive solution to your
    switching needs. Use this X-10 Appliance Module, rated at 15 amps:
    http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_am466.htm
    >
    > At $ 14.00 USD per unit, I really can't think of a less expensive
    solution which provides the same degree of safety. If these happen to
    be 220 volt units, that
    > can be accommodated as well by use of this $ 30.00 USD Appliance
    Module:
    > http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_hd243.htm
    >
    > On the programming side, all you need to do is use the XOUT command
    to control
    > the module from your Stamp. See the Basic Stamp Manual for details
    of that command. If you choose to expand this system, that can be
    easily done, as well
    > as using manual control from an X-10 console, or even an X-10
    Telephone Interface.
    > Lastly, this solution permits individual control of multiple
    outlets, by use of the house and unit codes on the modules.
    >
    > Use of these modules provides appropriate grounding, and there are
    no heat worries. Since there is no direct connection between the
    Appliance Module and the Stamp, there are no interfacing or safety
    problems either.
    >
    > Regards,
    >
    > Bruce Bates


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  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-23 15:58
    Bruce replied quite exquisitely, and with possibly a better solution<G>.

    But continuing with the question. As far as heat sinks for solid
    state relays, we use the number of a Volt drop across the relay as the first
    line of defense. So, if it's drawing 5.5 Amps continuously, the SSR will
    dissipate 5.5 Watts. In reality, they (so far we have found, gotta say this
    here<G>) have less Voltage drop across them, so this is (so far) a safe
    assumption. The enclosure itself may represent a sufficient heat sink. If
    it was mine, I would mount it to the side of the enclosure, and run the
    unit. Feel every 30 seconds or so the side of the enclosure to see if it
    gets too hot.

    Not, I use a special test for temperatures. I touch the side of a box. I
    say the words, "this isn't very hot, I think that I will take my finger off
    the side of the box now." If I can't say that all BEFORE removing my
    fingers from the side of the box, then the box is too hot and needs heat
    sinking. I actually did an experiment years ago, and verified that too hot
    to touch (but not burning) is in the zone where electronics will certainly
    work, but will have shortened life.
    Certainly, it is a crude method, and the circuit will survive if
    it's hotter than you can touch. But if it's hot enough you can't touch it,
    then the life of the components goes down. So, I design everything possible
    such that I can place my hand on the item/heat sink for as long as I
    wish<G>.

    Original Message
    From: Bruce Bates [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=bsgpRqHNnuwy1t7BfBWbvEoi4dut4D92HDRJjkvKkDA9_EhkL2kiWCRNlaxz76CdEjWKU30YWL6vd20vO36s4g]bvbates@u...[/url
    Sent: Friday, January 23, 2004 4:10 AM
    To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Re: Switching AC loads


    At 04:10 AM 1/23/04 +0000, nuclearspin2000 wrote:
    >Specifically, what I want to do is automatically switch a 5400 BTU
    >window air conditioner (120VAC) on/off during the summer which
    >doesn't already have this capability. The nameplate specifies 5.5A,
    >although it also says to use a 15A time delay fuse or circuit breaker
    >but I'm assuming the 5.5A rating is the continuous steady state
    >current rating. I've already worked out the finer electronics points
    >to make it work, now I just have to switch the power safely and
    >reliably either using triacs or power relays/optos with switching
    >transistors for relay coils if used. The finished unit will be in its
    >own enclosure BTW for obvious safety reasons. I know relays can get
    >warm (dissipate pwr) but is a heatsink necessary as long as you don't
    >overload the relay beyond it's rated specs? Thanks.
    >
    >-Dave

    Dave -

    Here is the simplest, and least expensive solution to your switching needs.
    Use this X-10 Appliance Module, rated at 15 amps:
    http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_am466.htm

    At $ 14.00 USD per unit, I really can't think of a less expensive solution
    which provides the same degree of safety. If these happen to be 220 volt
    units, that
    can be accommodated as well by use of this $ 30.00 USD Appliance Module:
    http://www.x10.com/automation/x10_hd243.htm

    On the programming side, all you need to do is use the XOUT command to
    control
    the module from your Stamp. See the Basic Stamp Manual for details of that
    command. If you choose to expand this system, that can be easily done, as
    well
    as using manual control from an X-10 console, or even an X-10 Telephone
    Interface. Lastly, this solution permits individual control of multiple
    outlets, by use of the house and unit codes on the modules.

    Use of these modules provides appropriate grounding, and there are no heat
    worries. Since there is no direct connection between the Appliance Module
    and the Stamp, there are no interfacing or safety problems either.

    Regards,

    Bruce Bates



    To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
    basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
    from the same email address that you subscribed. Text in the Subject and
    Body of the message will be ignored.


    Yahoo! Groups Links

    To visit your group on the web, go to:
    http://groups.yahoo.com/group/basicstamps/

    To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
    basicstamps-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com

    Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-23 16:56
    If you aren't planning on doing some sort of PWM or other manipulation of the
    AC and are only looking for ON-OFF then you can use a servo and a switch.
    You can use a normal AC light switch and a cheap servo. The servo arm is
    attached to the light switch using any of a variety of attachments that you can
    get
    at an R/C airplane or car store.


    [noparse][[/noparse]Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-23 20:51
    Hi Dave,
    I have used good old power relays in industrial applications with Stamps for
    years. ( 5-6 anyway).

    If I was going to control that Air Conditioner I would use a good old P&B
    (Potter & Brumfield) PRD series power relay. It comes in 12-120 Volt AC and DC
    coils, has 30 amp contacts and does not need to be heat sinked.
    The 24 VDC model is PRD-11DY0-24 Digikey number PB499-ND
    There are 2 sets of contacts and they are spaced further apart than regular
    relays. The contacts are silver coated to resist arcing when switching
    inductive loads.

    I have used this relay with big power transformers, ac motors, and even small
    welding machines. They are cheap ($25 or so), and last forever.

    I always double the contact rating, so a 15 amp Max circuit gets a 30 amp
    relay contact. Cutting it closer could result in contacts getting welded
    together.

    I do not use SSr's on high current inductive loads as the current spikes can
    damage them unless you buy the real expensive ones and put extra RC Filtering
    on them. A 15 Amp SSR would not last long with this type of load.
    The motor looks like a dead short for the first half line cycle, until the
    magnetic field builds up.
    During this time (8 ms at 60hz) the current can jump 800%. The relay can
    handle this easily, but the SSR may not be so forgiving.

    I use a small SSR to drive a 120 VAC relay coil. This way I don't need a
    second power source. I use Croydom D2W202F (Digikey CC1069-ND) to run the relay.
    This gives excellent isolation to the stamp, and there is no worries about
    heat at all.

    Also one of the other replies mentioned a 5 minute minimum off time. This is
    a very good rule, as some compressors will start right up, but it slowly
    destroys the mechanics.
    The head pressure needs to bleed off before the motor restarts. With no
    pressure it will start right up, but when the pressure is high the motor may
    stall,
    or just abuse itself to overcome the built up pressure. The start up current
    will also be much higher in this mode also.

    Hope this helps.

    Alan Bradford
    Plasma Technologies





    In a message dated 1/22/04 11:13:07 PM Eastern Standard Time,
    nuclearspin2000@y... writes:
    Specifically, what I want to do is automatically switch a 5400 BTU
    window air conditioner (120VAC) on/off during the summer which
    doesn't already have this capability. The nameplate specifies 5.5A,
    although it also says to use a 15A time delay fuse or circuit breaker
    but I'm assuming the 5.5A rating is the continuous steady state
    current rating. I've already worked out the finer electronics points
    to make it work, now I just have to switch the power safely and
    reliably either using triacs or power relays/optos with switching
    transistors for relay coils if used. The finished unit will be in its
    own enclosure BTW for obvious safety reasons. I know relays can get
    warm (dissipate pwr) but is a heatsink necessary as long as you don't
    overload the relay beyond it's rated specs? Thanks.

    -Dave


    [noparse][[/noparse]Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-24 18:07
    Thanks everyone for the suggestions and help. I'm really a "roll my
    own" kind of guy but I appreciate the links to the X-10 stuff which
    would admittedly be easier and perhaps cheaper too. I've pasted
    everyone's comments into my notes for future reference. Thanks again.

    -Dave

    --- In basicstamps@yahoogroups.com, plasmastamp@a... wrote:
    > Hi Dave,
    > I have used good old power relays in industrial applications with
    Stamps for
    > years. ( 5-6 anyway).
    >
    > If I was going to control that Air Conditioner I would use a good
    old P&B
    > (Potter & Brumfield) PRD series power relay. It comes in 12-120
    Volt AC and DC
    > coils, has 30 amp contacts and does not need to be heat sinked.
    > The 24 VDC model is PRD-11DY0-24 Digikey number PB499-ND
    > There are 2 sets of contacts and they are spaced further apart than
    regular
    > relays. The contacts are silver coated to resist arcing when
    switching
    > inductive loads.
    >
    > I have used this relay with big power transformers, ac motors, and
    even small
    > welding machines. They are cheap ($25 or so), and last forever.
    >
    > I always double the contact rating, so a 15 amp Max circuit gets a
    30 amp
    > relay contact. Cutting it closer could result in contacts getting
    welded together.
    >
    > I do not use SSr's on high current inductive loads as the current
    spikes can
    > damage them unless you buy the real expensive ones and put extra RC
    Filtering
    > on them. A 15 Amp SSR would not last long with this type of load.
    > The motor looks like a dead short for the first half line cycle,
    until the
    > magnetic field builds up.
    > During this time (8 ms at 60hz) the current can jump 800%. The
    relay can
    > handle this easily, but the SSR may not be so forgiving.
    >
    > I use a small SSR to drive a 120 VAC relay coil. This way I don't
    need a
    > second power source. I use Croydom D2W202F (Digikey CC1069-ND) to
    run the relay.
    > This gives excellent isolation to the stamp, and there is no
    worries about
    > heat at all.
    >
    > Also one of the other replies mentioned a 5 minute minimum off
    time. This is
    > a very good rule, as some compressors will start right up, but it
    slowly
    > destroys the mechanics.
    > The head pressure needs to bleed off before the motor restarts.
    With no
    > pressure it will start right up, but when the pressure is high the
    motor may stall,
    > or just abuse itself to overcome the built up pressure. The start
    up current
    > will also be much higher in this mode also.
    >
    > Hope this helps.
    >
    > Alan Bradford
    > Plasma Technologies
    >
    >
    >
    >
    >
    > In a message dated 1/22/04 11:13:07 PM Eastern Standard Time,
    > nuclearspin2000@y... writes:
    > Specifically, what I want to do is automatically switch a 5400 BTU
    > window air conditioner (120VAC) on/off during the summer which
    > doesn't already have this capability. The nameplate specifies 5.5A,
    > although it also says to use a 15A time delay fuse or circuit
    breaker
    > but I'm assuming the 5.5A rating is the continuous steady state
    > current rating. I've already worked out the finer electronics
    points
    > to make it work, now I just have to switch the power safely and
    > reliably either using triacs or power relays/optos with switching
    > transistors for relay coils if used. The finished unit will be in
    its
    > own enclosure BTW for obvious safety reasons. I know relays can get
    > warm (dissipate pwr) but is a heatsink necessary as long as you
    don't
    > overload the relay beyond it's rated specs? Thanks.
    >
    > -Dave
    >
    >
    > [noparse][[/noparse]Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
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