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Parallel Voltage regulators — Parallax Forums

Parallel Voltage regulators

ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
edited 2004-01-02 02:12 in General Discussion
Hi All,

I'm wondering if two voltage regulators in parallel, "LM2940" will
supply double the load current of one. Anyone tried this? Thanks.

-Dave

Comments

  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-01 00:42
    Hi Dave,

    I think this should work. But you will have to put a resitor of say
    0.1 Ohm/5 Watt at the output of each LM2940 to cope with the
    tolerance of the voltage regulators. However, you will lose some of
    the voltage stability due to the resistors.

    I did not try this with voltage regulators, but with power
    transistors it works well.

    Regards,

    Klaus

    O ja, Happy newyear !!
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-01 01:10
    Dave,

    I have been told this isn't a good idea. One of the Vregs will wind up doing
    most of the work. I would just use a regulator that will provide enough
    current, or, as I did on my recent robot controller, use two, but have them
    run different stuff and split the load up that way.

    Jonathan

    www.madlabs.info

    Original Message
    From: "nuclearspin2000" <nuclearspin2000@y...>
    To: <basicstamps@yahoogroups.com>
    Sent: Wednesday, December 31, 2003 4:30 PM
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Parallel Voltage regulators


    > Hi All,
    >
    > I'm wondering if two voltage regulators in parallel, "LM2940" will
    > supply double the load current of one. Anyone tried this? Thanks.
    >
    > -Dave
    >
    >
    > To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
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    Body of the message will be ignored.
    >
    >
    > Yahoo! Groups Links
    >
    > To visit your group on the web, go to:
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    >
    >
    >
    >
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-01 03:56
    From: "nuclearspin2000" <nuclearspin2000@y...>
    >
    > I'm wondering if two voltage regulators in parallel, "LM2940"
    > will supply double the load current of one. Anyone tried this?
    >
    Never tried it, Dave, but it's in that category of things that can look like
    they work until the worst possible time to fail.

    Linear regulators use a feedback loop to maintain the target voltage. The
    National app note <http://www.national.com/an/AN/AN-1148.pdf> describes how
    they work if you're interested.

    Putting two feedback loops face-to-face, so to speak, is generally a bad
    idea. Almost always in fact. They won't do anything predictable -- including
    fail. They tick along seeming to do just fine and suddenly go unstable when
    both loops try to react to a condition change at the same time and they
    create a positive feedback situation. Or they can fail at start-up. You'll
    never know.

    Depending on the particular chip, an LM2940 costs a buck or two. Going to an
    LM1085 gives you 3A for only six bucks (At Digikey:
    http://makeashorterlink.com/?T65452EE6). And you can get 1.5A or 2A for even
    less if you don't need the headroom of an LM1085.

    I'd do it with a single chip. The aggravation of an unpredictable
    instability will outweigh the three or four bucks you're trying to save.

    Gary
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-01 04:45
    According to National you can
    <http://wwwd.national.com/national/PowerMB.nsf/0/9cfa6057c64fbfb88825696
    6006765c5?OpenDocument>

    Have a Happy New year


    Original Message
    From: Gary W. Sims [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=nXU7qvMQ0fPLoWVI7OFz6zXnTLlqg37vOPSiy8ajnTiHhUodj66sJiXinYZhmG5yr1SZ1Vc1Rqx6Dyci8cHeH5U]simsgw@c...[/url
    Sent: Wednesday, December 31, 2003 9:57 PM
    To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Parallel Voltage regulators

    From: "nuclearspin2000" <nuclearspin2000@y...>
    >
    > I'm wondering if two voltage regulators in parallel, "LM2940"
    > will supply double the load current of one. Anyone tried this?
    >
    Never tried it, Dave, but it's in that category of things that can look
    like
    they work until the worst possible time to fail.

    Linear regulators use a feedback loop to maintain the target voltage.
    The
    National app note <http://www.national.com/an/AN/AN-1148.pdf> describes
    how
    they work if you're interested.

    Putting two feedback loops face-to-face, so to speak, is generally a bad
    idea. Almost always in fact. They won't do anything predictable --
    including
    fail. They tick along seeming to do just fine and suddenly go unstable
    when
    both loops try to react to a condition change at the same time and they
    create a positive feedback situation. Or they can fail at start-up.
    You'll
    never know.

    Depending on the particular chip, an LM2940 costs a buck or two. Going
    to an
    LM1085 gives you 3A for only six bucks (At Digikey:
    http://makeashorterlink.com/?T65452EE6). And you can get 1.5A or 2A for
    even
    less if you don't need the headroom of an LM1085.

    I'd do it with a single chip. The aggravation of an unpredictable
    instability will outweigh the three or four bucks you're trying to save.

    Gary



    To UNSUBSCRIBE, just send mail to:
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  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-01 05:22
    The example given at the National site is not that practical, to get
    10 Amps out of two regulators you have to use two load sharing
    resistors, if two 0.1 ohms resitors are used, at 5 amps the power
    dissipation across each resistor would be 5x5*0.1 or 2.5 watts!.
    Under overload or short circuit conditions, you will have a LARGE
    power dissipated in those resistors.
    Approach like that could be classified as a novice smoke test.
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-01 19:23
    Thanks all for the help. Doesn't sound like a good idea. I'll just
    move to a bigger regulator. Happy New Year.

    -Dave

    --- In basicstamps@yahoogroups.com, "nuclearspin2000"
    <nuclearspin2000@y...> wrote:
    > Hi All,
    >
    > I'm wondering if two voltage regulators in parallel, "LM2940" will
    > supply double the load current of one. Anyone tried this? Thanks.
    >
    > -Dave
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2004-01-02 02:12
    From: "nuclearspin2000" <nuclearspin2000@y...>
    >
    > I'm wondering if two voltage regulators in parallel, "LM2940"
    > will supply double the load current of one. Anyone tried this?

    From: Gary W. Sims [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=UzQt9l4uBnMKf0zvrZYhg0JcWs0IUmBU9UgKVb1f83qQF8Zj8lFRpqxowXGOblGWiU9pHldPuj60XyaTn-9P7T4]simsgw@c...[/url
    >
    > Never tried it, Dave, but it's in that category of things that can look
    > like they work until the worst possible time to fail.
    > Linear regulators use [noparse][[/noparse]...]

    From: "Earl Bollinger" <earlwbollinger@c...>
    >
    > According to National you can:
    <http://wwwd.national.com/national/PowerMB.nsf/0/9cfa6057c64fbfb888256966006
    765c5?OpenDocument>
    >
    Well-spotted, Earl. Here's a shorter version of that link for people having
    trouble with line wrap: http://makeashorterlink.com/?A18951FE6

    It's a National tech support response to someone who wanted to parallel two
    power regulators. They said he could, with certain precautions. For those
    not familiar with the issue, a power regulator chip has an internal feedback
    circuit. This means the output voltage is compared to a reference voltage.
    In the case of linear regulators, an error amplifier tries to force the
    voltages at it's input to be equal. To do this, it sources current as
    required to meet the load demand. The response technique is different with a
    switching regulator.

    My concern is that the discussion related to a buck regulator, that is, a
    step-down switching regulator. Specifically, the LM2679 from National. Power
    supply design is not my field, but I know that switchers and linear
    regulators are two different breeds. The feedback loop is not the same in
    the two different families, and even within linear regulators there is a
    significant design difference between a conventional old-style linear and
    the low-drop-out designs for battery operated systems. I wouldn't count on
    that answer from National applying to low-drop-out linear regulators like
    the LM2940 and LM1085 unless I got another specific answer from National.
    This time addressing the problems it causes to tie two such LDO units
    together.

    National's answer did address the problem that arises with that particular
    buck regulator if two are tied in parallel: one of them will take more and
    more load until it goes into thermal shutdown -- at which point the other
    will pick up the full load and then fail in turn. National tech support
    described how one avoids that. That method might work for a linear regulator
    also -- or it might not. I'm not qualified to judge even if I spent the time
    to examine the specific implementation of the feedback loop used in the
    LM2940.

    Before I'd use the technique on an LM2940 I'd want to see a similarly
    specific response from a manufacturer. The feedback loop in low drop-out
    linear regulators is notoriously susceptible to instability. Ultra low
    drop-out regulators are even more so. There is no reason not to use them if
    you are aware of the problems and use the correct capacitors to prevent
    oscillation across the full load and ambient temperature range -- but you
    cannot blithely plug one in with a random electrolytic across the output. It
    is courting disaster. For those who haven't smoked one yet, the critical
    issue is the ESR of the capacitors used. That is, the Equivalent Series
    Resistance of the capacitor. It can't be too high or too low, and it must
    remain in the required band over the full range of operating temperatures.
    This is not a big deal if you read the app notes carefully and choose the
    right tantalum cap for the job, but as I said, you must pay attention to the
    issue.

    That characteristic of the control loop in a low drop-out regulator is my
    reason for not trying this unless forced into a corner by the application --
    and then I'd want a specific answer from National or the manufacturer in
    question before I did it. And I'd put the answer in my design file to
    protect myself from liability issues if my client's system failed.

    Given all that, is it worth trying to save three bucks? At quantity one
    prices, for all love?

    That's just my own design approach, of course. I look forward to hearing the
    result if someone wants to try it just for the heck of it. Remember to cycle
    through the operating envelope, including load transients and ambient
    temperature. Take videos in case anything happens the rest of us would find
    entertaining<g>.

    Gary
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