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I know enough to be dangerous... — Parallax Forums

I know enough to be dangerous...

ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
edited 2001-03-26 17:56 in General Discussion
This is a good subject line that someone used once before.
I have what I hope is a simple problem. Perhaps because I can't remember
much from the EE classes I took in the 70's. (I wound up as an IE - and
probably for a good reason!)
I'm attempting to use a small current transformer on the line of an AC load,
and I want a voltage output to be proportionally linear so I can read it
with an ADC, in turn, into my controller. The dropping resistor idea is
great and simple, but whatever R value I try works up to a point, then, the
curve reverses and decreases as my load current continues to increase. What
am I missing?

Chris

Comments

  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2001-03-21 20:55
    Chris:
    If I understand your question, you are using a current transformer on your
    AC line, and are experimenting with different value terminating sense
    resistors. First, you must use a transformer rated to the max current being
    measured. If it's too small, the core will saturate, and output will fall
    off. Second, current transformers usually come with a recommended
    terminating resistor. (Some units have it built-in). Using a larger value
    than recommended can cause saturation at the high end. It is OK to use a
    smaller resistor, but volts-out/amp will be proportionately less.

    Ray McArthur

    Original Message
    From: Chris Loiacono (E-mail) <chris01@t...>
    To: Basicstamps Egroup (E-mail) <basicstamps@yahoogroups.com>
    Sent: Wednesday, March 21, 2001 1:40 PM
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] I know enough to be dangerous...

    > I'm attempting to use a small current transformer on the line of an AC
    load,
    > and I want a voltage output to be proportionally linear so I can read it
    > with an ADC, in turn, into my controller. The dropping resistor idea is
    > great and simple, but whatever R value I try works up to a point, then,
    the
    > curve reverses and decreases as my load current continues to increase.
    What
    > am I missing?
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2001-03-21 23:02
    Ray:
    Yup, that's basically the question. I have the CT secondary into a FW
    Bridge. The DC points on the bridge have the sense resistor and a filtering
    cap across them. The - side goes to ground and the + is for my analog input.
    The problem is that any value resistor that I try, down to 50 ohms has the
    output reducing (seems like the high end saturation you mention) instead of
    increasing once a certain level has been reached. My CT is a 1,000 turn
    unit, and I'm only sensing a load that goes from zero up to about 1.6 Amps.
    I am hoping to use this for larger loads, and I'm not getting any closer.
    Perhaps I only need something like 5 or 10 ohms.....Hmmmm. Since the CT is a
    constant current source, is there any danger in using such a small
    resistance?

    ______________________ +
    | /
    CT 100uF = \ R?
    | /
    ______________\_______ gnd

    Chris


    >
    Original Message
    > From: Ray McArthur [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=6KSvGDoLl3HQQXqiHtgTiHsK7xfp5XO-69-wCyOFCVXVPACRLG_xLMEXQXFVh2Rt9T11DTossByD3eYLnQ]rjmca@u...[/url
    > Sent: Wednesday, March 21, 2001 3:56 PM
    > To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    > Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] I know enough to be dangerous...
    >
    >
    > Chris:
    > If I understand your question, you are using a current
    > transformer on your
    > AC line, and are experimenting with different value terminating sense
    > resistors. First, you must use a transformer rated to the
    > max current being
    > measured. If it's too small, the core will saturate, and
    > output will fall
    > off. Second, current transformers usually come with a recommended
    > terminating resistor. (Some units have it built-in). Using
    > a larger value
    > than recommended can cause saturation at the high end. It is
    > OK to use a
    > smaller resistor, but volts-out/amp will be proportionately less.
    >
    > Ray McArthur
    >
    >
    Original Message
    > From: Chris Loiacono (E-mail) <chris01@t...>
    > To: Basicstamps Egroup (E-mail) <basicstamps@yahoogroups.com>
    > Sent: Wednesday, March 21, 2001 1:40 PM
    > Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] I know enough to be dangerous...
    >
    > > I'm attempting to use a small current transformer on the
    > line of an AC
    > load,
    > > and I want a voltage output to be proportionally linear so
    > I can read it
    > > with an ADC, in turn, into my controller. The dropping
    > resistor idea is
    > > great and simple, but whatever R value I try works up to a
    > point, then,
    > the
    > > curve reverses and decreases as my load current continues
    > to increase.
    > What
    > > am I missing?
    >
    >
    >
    >
    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to
    http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2001-03-21 23:16
    Hi Chris,
    Yes, the CT is a constant source and could even be shorted without damage.
    If the smaller resistors don't solve the problem, the core is too small.
    You need a conservatively rated unit because the FWB introduces an
    additional 1.4 volts on the secondary. Digikey lists 50/60 Hz units on page
    630 of their catalog. They start at 5 amps on up, and start at $7.80.

    Ray Mc


    > Yup, that's basically the question. I have the CT secondary into a FW
    > Bridge. The DC points on the bridge have the sense resistor and a
    filtering
    > cap across them. The - side goes to ground and the + is for my analog
    input.
    > The problem is that any value resistor that I try, down to 50 ohms has the
    > output reducing (seems like the high end saturation you mention) instead
    of
    > increasing once a certain level has been reached. My CT is a 1,000 turn
    > unit, and I'm only sensing a load that goes from zero up to about 1.6
    Amps.
    > I am hoping to use this for larger loads, and I'm not getting any closer.
    > Perhaps I only need something like 5 or 10 ohms.....Hmmmm. Since the CT is
    a
    > constant current source, is there any danger in using such a small
    > resistance?
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2001-03-22 23:27
    Does this current transformer convert the AC into a DC representation?
    You may need to rectify it or use an RMS convertor like the AD-637.

    On Wed, 21 Mar 2001 13:40:01 -0500 "Chris Loiacono (E-mail)"
    <chris01@t...> writes:
    > This is a good subject line that someone used once before.
    > I have what I hope is a simple problem. Perhaps because I can't
    > remember much from the EE classes I took in the 70's. (I wound up as an
    IE -
    > and probably for a good reason!)
    > I'm attempting to use a small current transformer on the line of an
    > AC load, and I want a voltage output to be proportionally linear so I
    can
    > read it with an ADC, in turn, into my controller. The dropping resistor
    idea
    > is great and simple, but whatever R value I try works up to a point,
    > then, the curve reverses and decreases as my load current continues to
    > increase. What am I missing?
    >
    > Chris
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2001-03-26 17:56
    Sorry, I didn't mention it, but there is a small FWB on the DC side.
    I just needed a different winding. Thanks to Ray McArthur, I found my CT to
    be undersized, although it didn't exacly act as expected, a larger one
    solved the problem. Now, I have a simple (4 component) circuit for reading
    proportional values from AC lines. Thanks, Ray, and all who responded!
    Chris

    >
    Original Message
    > From: agarb@j... [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=ThZJHiG11TCO08AM6vJHwg0Fl4zoM2lKYO-568vOzXML0Uw32rGgqyo875mXr-XwSI12lNKJcGk]agarb@j...[/url
    > Sent: Thursday, March 22, 2001 6:27 PM
    > To: basicstamps@yahoogroups.com
    > Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] I know enough to be dangerous...
    >
    >
    > Does this current transformer convert the AC into a DC
    > representation?
    > You may need to rectify it or use an RMS convertor like the AD-637.
    >
    > On Wed, 21 Mar 2001 13:40:01 -0500 "Chris Loiacono (E-mail)"
    > <chris01@t...> writes:
    > > This is a good subject line that someone used once before.
    > > I have what I hope is a simple problem. Perhaps because I can't
    > > remember much from the EE classes I took in the 70's. (I
    > wound up as an
    > IE -
    > > and probably for a good reason!)
    > > I'm attempting to use a small current transformer on the line of an
    > > AC load, and I want a voltage output to be proportionally
    > linear so I
    > can
    > > read it with an ADC, in turn, into my controller. The
    > dropping resistor
    > idea
    > > is great and simple, but whatever R value I try works up to
    > a point,
    > > then, the curve reverses and decreases as my load current
    > continues to
    > > increase. What am I missing?
    > >
    > > Chris
    >
    >
    >
    > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to
    http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
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