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How to make a PCB for my minature Robot — Parallax Forums

How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
edited 2000-10-06 06:43 in General Discussion
How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

Hello,

I'm at a point where I'd like to make PCB for my minature robot. Presently, it has three 1" x 1" Radio Shack general purpose PCBs stacked one above the other using some spacers. I have 30 day trial version of the Protel's s/w. I guess my question is many fold:

······· 1.····· How to tell Protel the dimensions of my board
······· 2.····· After done drawing, how do I go about making the pcb - with steps involved.

I know most of you guys have a lot of experience doing PCB stuff - if you can throw some light and point me to some text (or web site) explaining the process, that'll be really great!!!

Thanks in advance
nagi
«1

Comments

  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-09-30 22:26
    How to make a PCB for my minature Robot
    I can't answer question number 1 since I'm not familiar with the software you're using.

    As for number 2, there are a few ways of producing your own PCB, I find the following to be ideal if you're only going to make only one board.··Get a PCB with a layer of copper on one side, then you need to etch the tracks onto the copper side of the PCB (following the output of your software which will have drawn out the tracks for you).· Radio Shack carries different materials to etch the tracks, you can get special felt tip pens (they are good for filling in areas) but not so good for drawing straight lines, and are generally too thick to draw tracks which need to go between IC pins.·What I find best are the Dry-Etch Transfer sheets,·you just place them over the copper side of the PCB and with·a pencil you just rub off the portion of the transfer which you want to place on the PCB.· Once your PCB is all drawn which is a very laborious task if you have a big PCB to make up you·place the board into a solution·(ferric chloride)·which eats up all the exposed copper, then when it's done (10 to 15 mins) you wash the board and you can remove the etchings and·drill the holes.

    Radio Shack carries all of what you need (including a small manual drill) and I believe they even have a kit with everything you need in it.· Before starting on the robot's PCB, I suggest you practice on some scrap PCB just to get a feel for it.

    Alex



    Original Message
    From: nags [noparse][[/noparse]mailto:nags@crosscity.com]
    Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2000 5:00 PM
    To: 'basicstamps@egroups.com'
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

    Hello,

    I'm at a point where I'd like to make PCB for my minature robot. Presently, it has three 1" x 1" Radio Shack general purpose PCBs stacked one above the other using some spacers. I have 30 day trial version of the Protel's s/w. I guess my question is many fold:

    ······· 1.····· How to tell Protel the dimensions of my board
    ······· 2.····· After done drawing, how do I go about making the pcb - with steps involved.

    I know most of you guys have a lot of experience doing PCB stuff - if you can throw some light and point me to some text (or web site) explaining the process, that'll be really great!!!

    Thanks in advance
    nagi
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 14:23
    Check my article in the December 2000 Circuit Cellar Inc. My article
    explains how I built a PCB lab for $300 that let's me design 4" X 6" PCBs
    for less than $4.00 a piece. These are single sided and very good quality.
    The BS/L boards I'm sending out are built with this system.

    Paul
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 14:34
    How to make a PCB for my minature Robot
    Thanks Alex. I shall experiment.



    Original Message
    From: Alejandro Fubini [noparse][[/noparse]mailto:alex@fubini.freeserve.co.uk]
    Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2000 4:26 PM
    To: basicstamps@egroups.com
    Subject: RE: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

    I can't answer question number 1 since I'm not familiar with the software you're using.

    As for number 2, there are a few ways of producing your own PCB, I find the following to be ideal if you're only going to make only one board.··Get a PCB with a layer of copper on one side, then you need to etch the tracks onto the copper side of the PCB (following the output of your software which will have drawn out the tracks for you).· Radio Shack carries different materials to etch the tracks, you can get special felt tip pens (they are good for filling in areas) but not so good for drawing straight lines, and are generally too thick to draw tracks which need to go between IC pins.·What I find best are the Dry-Etch Transfer sheets,·you just place them over the copper side of the PCB and with·a pencil you just rub off the portion of the transfer which you want to place on the PCB.· Once your PCB is all drawn which is a very laborious task if you have a big PCB to make up you·place the board into a solution·(ferric chloride)·which eats up all the exposed copper, then when it's done (10 to 15 mins) you wash the board and you can remove the etchings and·drill the holes.

    Radio Shack carries all of what you need (including a small manual drill) and I believe they even have a kit with everything you need in it.· Before starting on the robot's PCB, I suggest you practice on some scrap PCB just to get a feel for it.

    Alex



    Original Message
    From: nags [noparse][[/noparse]mailto:nags@crosscity.com]
    Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2000 5:00 PM
    To: 'basicstamps@egroups.com'
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

    Hello,

    I'm at a point where I'd like to make PCB for my minature robot. Presently, it has three 1" x 1" Radio Shack general purpose PCBs stacked one above the other using some spacers. I have 30 day trial version of the Protel's s/w. I guess my question is many fold:

    ······· 1.····· How to tell Protel the dimensions of my board
    ······· 2.····· After done drawing, how do I go about making the pcb - with steps involved.

    I know most of you guys have a lot of experience doing PCB stuff - if you can throw some light and point me to some text (or web site) explaining the process, that'll be really great!!!

    Thanks in advance
    nagi
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 16:30
    I use pre sensitized printed circuit boards and etch my own. Using any PC
    circuit board program,make yourself a board on screen,then print that board
    to any printer onto a transparency,use the smooth side of the transparency.
    Inkjets work fine. Print it in reverse mode. Get yourself some acid and
    cleaner for pre sensitized boards. To get the traces onto the board. I lay
    the circuit board on a table,place the transpacerency over that,then a sheet
    of thin glass to hold it down. Over that I place a desktop flourescent
    lamp,mine is a F15 bulb. Just a standard flourescent tube nothing fancy. I
    place the bulb 3 inchs above the board,and allow it to burn for 20
    minutes.This time is for a 2x4 inch board.
    Then place the board in your developer and rinse off all the green
    resist,there will remain very faint green traces(hard to see with naked
    eye),when done wash it under tap water.

    To etch I used a large oilpan filled with hot tap water,in that I have a
    coolwhip container which I place my ckt board. I then put the acid in the
    coolwhip container and swish it around for about 11 minutes. The warm water
    around the small container helps to keep the acid warm while it is etching.
    I noticed that a black oily stuff forms onthe board initially,as you keep
    swishing the board it will go away and the acid will start to etch. You will
    notice copper disolve from the outside of board working inwards.
    I just held the side of the coolwhip with my fingers and kept a slow steady
    swishing motion. Or clamp some visegrips onto the container to keep from
    splashing your hand.
    When done rinse the board off.

    I have made .1 thick traces with this method many times. I have noticed
    that your printout must be perfect, you cannot see any breaks in the traces
    on the printout or they will show up when etched. You could go over a minor
    spot with a black pen for touch up,before etching.
    I printout in solid black color, and I use the ExpressPCB free program to
    make my circuits I have to route everything by hand,but thats not so bad for
    smaller circuits.
    If you need help with that program please write me,there are some tricks to
    using it.
    When you buy the acid and etchant it will say on the bottle what ratio to
    mix them.
    I have used the same mixed acid and etchant now for 5 differant boards,and
    it still seems to work fine. a little goes a long ways.

    Sincerely
    Kerry
    Admin@M...
    WWW server hosting
    [url=Http://mntnweb.com]Http://mntnweb.com[/url]
    Binghamton online Webcam [url=Http://MntnWeb.Com/bing.htm]Http://MntnWeb.Com/bing.htm[/url]
    CHRISTMAS Web Page [url=Http://mntnweb.com/xmas.htm]Http://mntnweb.com/xmas.htm[/url]
    --So you think you need more memory... the LEM went to the moon on 16K,how
    much do you REALLY need?
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 16:50
    How to make a PCB for my minature Robot
    I just finished using http://www.expresspcb.com/·for a small run of boards.· If you only need a few it might be better than doing it yourself.

    --
    Richard Clemens
    clemens@wvwc.edu




    Original Message
    From: nags
    To: 'basicstamps@egroups.com'
    Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2000 5:00 PM
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

    Hello,

    I'm at a point where I'd like to make PCB for my minature robot. Presently, it has three 1" x 1" Radio Shack general purpose PCBs stacked one above the other using some spacers. I have 30 day trial version of the Protel's s/w. I guess my question is many fold:

    ······· 1.····· How to tell Protel the dimensions of my board
    ······· 2.····· After done drawing, how do I go about making the pcb - with steps involved.

    I know most of you guys have a lot of experience doing PCB stuff - if you can throw some light and point me to some text (or web site) explaining the process, that'll be really great!!!

    Thanks in advance
    nagi
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 21:29
    I'd strongly suggest outsourcing, having messed with a relatively simple
    PCB on the order of 100 hours without success.

    Sean T. Lamont, CTO / Chief NetNerd, Abstract Software, Inc. (ServNet)
    Seattle - Bellingham - Vancouver - Portland - Everett - Tacoma - Bremerton
    email: lamont@a... WWW: http://www.serv.net
    "...There's no moral, it's just a lot of stuff that happens". - H. Simpson
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 21:44
    The article I've written explains how to build an inexpensive UV table for
    making PCBs with materials from Kepro. The process is very clean. I can
    literally come up with an idea on Friday on the way home from work and have
    a working project Sunday. The PCB software is Ares Lite. It's inexpensive
    and does a great job. The software prints a negative mask on a laser
    printer. The mask and Kepro boards are placed on the UV table to be
    exposed. After the excposure, the board is developed in washing soda for
    development. Afterwards you etch the board with sodium persulfate, which is
    much cleaner and pleasant than ferric chloride. To agitate the board, I use
    a foot massager. The entire set up cost me about $300 and I can make a 4" X
    6" board for less than $4.

    The article will be printed this December in Circuit Cellar Inc. I
    encourage everyone to read a copy.

    Paul
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 22:07
    If a person follows the steps I laid out, using home materiels they will not
    have any problems. I searched the internet for months and there are no other
    printed circuit webpages that tell how to use standard printers,they all
    expect you to have a laser printer. How many people have a laser printer
    laying around,or special UV lamps?
    Outsourcing is fine if you have $100 to spend on a single board. In
    quantity is cheap for outsourcing but,one off production you will go broke
    in a hurry.

    Sincerely
    Kerry
    Admin@M...
    WWW server hosting
    [url=Http://mntnweb.com]Http://mntnweb.com[/url]
    Binghamton online Webcam [url=Http://MntnWeb.Com/bing.htm]Http://MntnWeb.Com/bing.htm[/url]
    CHRISTMAS Web Page [url=Http://mntnweb.com/xmas.htm]Http://mntnweb.com/xmas.htm[/url]
    --So you think you need more memory... the LEM went to the moon on 16K,how
    much do you REALLY need?
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 22:13
    RE: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

    Thanks Paul, I shall look forward to this article

    nagi


    Original Message

    From: Paul Verhage [noparse]/noparse][url=mailto:pverhage@sd131.k12.id.us]mailto[noparse]:p[/noparse]verhage@sd131.k12.id.us[/url
    Sent: Monday, October 02, 2000 3:44 PM
    To: 'basicstamps@egroups.com'
    Subject: RE: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] How to make a PCB for my minature Robot


    The article I've written explains how to build an inexpensive UV table for
    making PCBs with materials from Kepro.· The process is very clean.· I can
    literally come up with an idea on Friday on the way home from work and have
    a working project Sunday.· The PCB software is Ares Lite.· It's inexpensive
    and does a great job.· The software prints a negative mask on a laser
    printer.· The mask and Kepro boards are placed on the UV table to be
    exposed.· After the excposure, the board is developed in washing soda for
    development.· Afterwards you etch the board with sodium persulfate, which is
    much cleaner and pleasant than ferric chloride.· To agitate the board, I use
    a foot massager.· The entire set up cost me about $300 and I can make a 4" X
    6" board for less than $4.

    The article will be printed this December in Circuit Cellar Inc.· I
    encourage everyone to read a copy.·

    Paul
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 22:19
    a list member just meantioned an article they were writing on PCB's, it came
    thru as I sent my letter out. In no way was I attempting to step on any
    toes or criticize anyone,and I hope it will not be taken that way <S>

    Sincerely
    Kerry
    Admin@M...
    WWW server hosting
    [url=Http://mntnweb.com]Http://mntnweb.com[/url]
    Binghamton online Webcam [url=Http://MntnWeb.Com/bing.htm]Http://MntnWeb.Com/bing.htm[/url]
    CHRISTMAS Web Page [url=Http://mntnweb.com/xmas.htm]Http://mntnweb.com/xmas.htm[/url]
    --So you think you need more memory... the LEM went to the moon on 16K,how
    much do you REALLY need?
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-02 23:38
    It's a bit of a stretch, but this thread might be a place to mention I
    still have some of the SOIC-8 to DIP-8 adapter boards available. You solder
    the SOIC onto the adapter, then plug it into a regular DIP-8 socket, for
    prototyping and so on. If anyone is interested, please contact me off list.
    Thanks!

    Steve

    Steve Roberts: sroberts@s...
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-03 01:00
    My 2 cents...

    Go for positive photoresist. Works great!!! I have also tried the "marker"
    method, did not work very well for me. All I do, is print out the board on
    ink jet transparencies (... because I have an inkjet printer...) expose with
    the regular florescent out in my garage, fix, and etch... Simple. Very Good
    end product.


    -Edward Kindler
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-03 03:57
    Well, here is my 2 cents worth on the subject:

    I agree with Edward. I have tried all of the methods so far mentioned and
    found that by far the easiest and simplest is using pre-sensitized positive
    resist boards. You can get these at a very reasonable price from several
    suppliers including Radio Shack.com. Most come with the developer. The next
    best method is the negative resist however it requires a LOT more work. I
    have the Datak equipment and supplies to do both types and can produce boards
    up to 9" x 10" single or double sided.

    You can get the Datak line from Jay-Tronics (www.jaytronics.com). You can
    get the drill bits and a mini drill press from Jameco (www.jameco.com) quite
    reasonable. The drill press is less than $30.00 and the bits are cheap as
    well, all sizes.

    For the layout work I have CircuitMaker Pro and TraxMaker Pro these cost
    about $1600.00 total but you can get Eagle software for free that will do up
    to a 3" x 4" board just by downloading it from their web page
    (www.cadsoft.de).

    I hope this will help you out.

    Randy A.
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-03 19:11
    Nagi,

    Have you considered wire wrapping? Jameco sells a manual wrapping
    tool for about $25. I prefer this method for single boards
    primarily for the ease of making modifications/additions.

    Adolph Stumpf
    astumpf@u...


    --- In basicstamps@egroups.com, nags <nags@c...> wrote:
    > Hello,
    >
    > I'm at a point where I'd like to make PCB for my minature robot.
    Presently,
    > it has three 1" x 1" Radio Shack general purpose PCBs stacked one
    above the
    > other using some spacers. I have 30 day trial version of the
    Protel's s/w. I
    > guess my question is many fold:
    >
    > 1. How to tell Protel the dimensions of my board
    > 2. After done drawing, how do I go about making the pcb -
    with
    > steps involved.
    >
    > I know most of you guys have a lot of experience doing PCB stuff -
    if you
    > can throw some light and point me to some text (or web site)
    explaining the
    > process, that'll be really great!!!
    >
    > Thanks in advance
    > nagi
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-03 20:58
    I have looked at the photo exposure kits. They look very nice. Does any one
    know where I can get free/share ware to do the PCB layouts? Thanks.

    MH

    Original Message
    From: "Adolph Stumpf" <astumpf@u...>
    To: <basicstamps@egroups.com>
    Sent: Tuesday, October 03, 2000 2:11 PM
    Subject: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] Re: How to make a PCB for my minature Robot


    > Nagi,
    >
    > Have you considered wire wrapping? Jameco sells a manual wrapping
    > tool for about $25. I prefer this method for single boards
    > primarily for the ease of making modifications/additions.
    >
    > Adolph Stumpf
    > astumpf@u...
    >
    >
    > --- In basicstamps@egroups.com, nags <nags@c...> wrote:
    > > Hello,
    > >
    > > I'm at a point where I'd like to make PCB for my minature robot.
    > Presently,
    > > it has three 1" x 1" Radio Shack general purpose PCBs stacked one
    > above the
    > > other using some spacers. I have 30 day trial version of the
    > Protel's s/w. I
    > > guess my question is many fold:
    > >
    > > 1. How to tell Protel the dimensions of my board
    > > 2. After done drawing, how do I go about making the pcb -
    > with
    > > steps involved.
    > >
    > > I know most of you guys have a lot of experience doing PCB stuff -
    > if you
    > > can throw some light and point me to some text (or web site)
    > explaining the
    > > process, that'll be really great!!!
    > >
    > > Thanks in advance
    > > nagi
    >
    >
    >
    >
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-03 22:06
    Here is the cheapest source i have found for them: <A
    HREF="http://www.web-tronics.com/webtronics/printed-circuit-board-supplies.htm

    l">Printed Circuit Board Supplies</A>


    -Edward Kindler
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-03 22:32
    Edward:

    Awesome site for PCB supplies, thanks a million for the link. Wish I had
    found it before I purchased the etchant tank that I have. The one on that
    site is infinately superior in design and the same price I paid for mine. Oh
    well hindsight is 20/20. However, I will be getting my future supplies from
    these guys.

    Randy
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 06:30
    Also take a look at http://www.circuitdesign.net for low
    price small runs.

    I've hand drawn many boards: Using steel pen nib and thinned
    paint. The trick is to DRILL THE HOLES FIRST! then mark
    where the leads will be in pencil. [noparse][[/noparse]I draw it up 1:1 or 2:1
    on graph paper and then glue a 1:1 onto the blank board
    to serve as drill pattern guide - then pull drilled graph
    paper off board, clean with copper pot cleaner goo and paint
    lead pattern - etch]. Obviously only good for pretty simple
    boards with .1 inch space components. But it only takes a
    few hours to do.

    If you can get access to a computer controlled sign router
    you can do a board with a fie V tip router. Note that
    often all you need to do is cut a bunch of channels to make
    islands of copper - not elegant but works.

    Note also dead bug prototypes style - ICs on back [noparse][[/noparse]"dead bug"]
    and everything up in the air - you can use high value resistors
    as standoffs from copper circuit board below. Hard to describe
    but easy to see in picture [noparse][[/noparse]which I don't have...].

    be creative... it's fun :-)

    >Here is the cheapest source i have found for them:
    >http://www.web-tronics.com/webtronics/printed-circuit-board-supplies.html

    ________________________________________________________________
    YOU'RE PAYING TOO MUCH FOR THE INTERNET!
    Juno now offers FREE Internet Access!
    Try it today - there's no risk! For your FREE software, visit:
    http://dl.www.juno.com/get/tagj.
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 14:57
    > 1) Commercial boards have the pads tinned. Can you point me to
    > info on how
    > to do it?

    There is a product called Tin it that works OK, but is not as robust as real
    plating. You have to get the material hot and it deposits a very thin
    plating layer on the board.



    >
    > 2) They also have a clear or green coating on them. Not super sure what
    > the purpose of it is (probably necessary for the tinning, but
    > probably has
    > other utility too). Can you point me to info on how to do it?

    Solder masking? I haven't heard of an easy process to do this yourself. We
    use a clear lacquer to protect the entire board after assembly.


    >
    > 3) They also have solder-through holes. Can you point me to
    > info on how to
    > do it?
    Real PCB houses usually drill blank boards and deposit copper all over them
    (they don't start with copper clad). This is not practical on a budget. Most
    people use wire to connect both sides or eyelets through the holes. The
    trick to using wire is to have "vias" between sides and solder the wire to
    both sides.


    >
    > 4) Then there is the frigging drilling. If you're making one or
    > two boards
    > it's no big deal drilling by hand. But if you're making dozens of them,
    > there should be some semi-cheap automated punch solution available. Any
    > info on that?

    Nope. We stack boards on a drill press when we make them here.

    There used to be a site called www.thinktink.com that outlined the entire
    process to make a "pro" PCB lab (with plating, and through hole, etc.). It
    is either gone or down now, though. Be a shame if they are gone because it
    was without doubt the best site on "pro" lab work.

    Also read: http://fstewart.ne.mediaone.net/DaEtiCsuiPitdcrutNews.shtml


    You might also enjoy: http://www.al-williams.com/wd5gnr/pcb.htm although
    some of the links are out of date.


    Regards,

    Al Williams
    AWC
    * Control 8 servos at once: http://www.al-williams.com/awce/pak8.htm
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 16:12
    >
    > >I've enjoyed this thread, and look forward to the Ciarcia article, Paul.
    > > Inspired me to sit down and write a few questions that have been bugging
    > >me for a while.
    >
    > 1) Commercial boards have the pads tinned. Can you point me to info on
    > how to do it?
    At home, probably a chemical tinning like TINNIT is the only practical way.
    Commercial places use plating tanks.
    > 2) They also have a clear or green coating on them. Not super sure what
    > the purpose of it is (probably necessary for the tinning, but probably has
    > other utility too). Can you point me to info on how to do it?
    This is solder resist to prevent solder bridges when wave soldering. This is a
    epoxy ink that is screened on.
    > 3) They also have solder-through holes. Can you point me to info on how
    > to do it?
    Pretty much impossible for the hobbyist. You can buy rivet type things to
    peen in.
    > 4) Then there is the frigging drilling. If you're making one or two
    > boards it's no big deal drilling by hand. But if you're making dozens of
    > them, there should be some semi-cheap automated punch solution available. Any
    > info on that?
    Usually drilled with CNC drill machine. You can stack boards when drilling.
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 16:56
    Al Williams <alw@a...> said:

    > > 1) Commercial boards have the pads tinned. Can you point me to
    > > info on how
    > > to do it?
    >
    > There is a product called Tin it that works OK, but is not as robust as real
    > plating. You have to get the material hot and it deposits a very thin
    > plating layer on the board.

    I bought some stuff called liquid tin, that worked at room temp. and worked
    well. just drop the board in a bath of it, and it turns silver right away..
    the longer you leave it, the thicker the plating..

    --
    ________________________
    Jason Lavoie
    www.extremeroadshows.com
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 16:59
    > >I've enjoyed this thread, and look forward to the Ciarcia
    > article, Paul.
    > >Inspired me to sit down and write a few questions that have
    > been bugging me
    > >for a while.
    >
    > 1) Commercial boards have the pads tinned. Can you point me
    > to info on how
    > to do it?

    I personally don't tin. The boards I use are very clean after I etch them.
    I find that if I solder them within a day or two, I don't need to tin.
    there is a cold tinning process. You mix a dry powder with water and soak
    the boards in it. This creates a replacement reaction. some of the copper
    is replaced with tin.

    > 2) They also have a clear or green coating on them. Not
    > super sure what
    > the purpose of it is (probably necessary for the tinning, but
    > probably has
    > other utility too). Can you point me to info on how to do it?

    Green. I think you're referring to the coating put on PCBs after soldering.
    It acts as an insulator and I imagine, an anti-oxidizing coating. I don't
    use anything like that. It sounds like something to look into, though.

    > 3) They also have solder-through holes. Can you point me to
    > info on how to
    > do it?

    That's another one I don't do. I'm under the impression these are solder
    rivets that are plugged into holes. I use single sided boards at this time.
    However the method I use will let you create double sided boards. I'd start
    with vias. These are wires you solder into boards to make an electrical
    connection between the top and bottom.

    > 4) Then there is the frigging drilling. If you're making
    > one or two boards
    > it's no big deal drilling by hand. But if you're making
    > dozens of them,
    > there should be some semi-cheap automated punch solution
    > available. Any
    > info on that?

    I spend plenty of time drilling. A CNC machine might be the way to go, but
    I don't know how to keep that cheap. That goes beyond the scope of my
    article.

    > 5) I checked out the Kepro page you recommend. They have a
    > solder reflow
    > vertical station. Is this for the pad tinning or is it for using
    > surface-mount components? Seems odd if for components that
    > it would be a
    > vertical deal. Would think you would want board horizontal
    > for components.

    As I understand it, SMCs are "glued" into place, then soldered in mass in a
    solder bath. I think that's what you're reading about. I'm old fashioned
    and don't use SMCs (yet). The PCB lab I've created would let you work with
    SMCs though. I feel sorry for those soldering SMCs. Its got to be hard on
    the eyes.

    > 6) Lastly, wondering if your system is scalable so that one
    > could process
    > let's say four boards at the same time?

    I can shoot and etch three boards at a time. A larger UV table would let
    you shoot more. I use a foot massager to etch. Since the boards are
    hortizontal, I am limited to the number I can etch. But since it etchs
    without supervisor, I haven't worried about doing more. I vertical tank in
    the foot massager would let you etch more. I'll see what I can find. I
    think it would be a nice upgrade.

    > Thanks for the info. Lots of questions but maybe the answers
    > are useful for
    > others who are interested in doing a few dozen boards.
    >
    > Rich

    I do 1,2 or 3 PCBs at a time and the method works great. I think I see
    another article once I upgrade the process.

    Paul
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 17:35
    > Nope. We stack boards on a drill press when we make them here.

    Al,

    How do you hold your boards together while drilling? Does the drill move,
    or the boards? The ones I have done (only single boards, not a stack), I
    move the board underneath a stationary drill (well, I guess it's not
    completely stationary ... it does move up and down <g>).

    In order to drill a stack, you have to make sure all your boards are
    accurately lined up ... can you describe how you acomplish that? I usually
    cut my boards with a hobby knive, and don't get edges worthy of being used
    as an alignment guide. Do you shear your boards? I did a little looking
    but could not find a shear.

    Thoughts?

    -- Mitch
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 18:05
    Well, a disclaimer. I'm mechanically challenged (that's a nice way of saying
    I'm clumsy), so usually someone who works for me does the actual physical
    work. That being said, we will pick two holes on opposite corners of each
    board and drill them by hand. Then we line up the holes and a piece of
    perfboard with .1 inch spacing and make a stack that way. The top of the
    stack has a laser print of the hole pattern on it. You should be able to
    pass a drill bit through the whole stack where it has already been drilled,
    or else something is wrong.

    Then it is just a matter of moving the stack and drilling through the
    perfboard. For small boards they use a small clamp to hold the edges of the
    boards together. For larger ones, they will cut the boards flush after they
    are lined up and use rubber bands.

    We typically don't make boards here, by the way, but sometimes we have to
    for whatever reason. We etch in FeCl3 (I know -- the other is so much
    better) in a custom etching tank that uses an air pump and immersion heater
    along with a homemade sparger (actually several depending on what kind of
    boards we are doing).

    For deposition of resist, we use direct transfer from release paper or clay
    coat paper. This is the weak link. Once you have the process figured out, it
    is easy, but it varies depending on your toner type, iron heat, etc. Even
    then, you will ruin one or two boards out of a dozen (well, ruin as in you
    have to wash the resist off and start over). If I had a better way to do
    this, I'd consider doing small production runs in house. We have used the
    photosense method, but I was not happy with making PMTs, exposing, and
    developing. Not to mention stocking presense boards.

    I've often wondered if you could get a sign shop to cut a stencil using a
    vinyl swivel knife. Then you could just spray paint the resist on the boards
    and it would be very quick. I haven't investigated this too far. I don't
    think you could do very fine traces and of course no annular holes (think
    about it).

    Oh well, back to work.

    Regards,

    Al Williams
    AWC
    * Expand your Stamp I/O: http://www.al-williams.com/awce/pak3.htm


    >
    Original Message
    > From: Mitchell D. Miller [noparse]/noparse]mailto:[url=http://forums.parallaxinc.com/group/basicstamps/post?postID=BoUHmvz_DEM98QzxnQm57Y5lGq48xO6vgz61KaYziRyc4WuecLssZQdKT-ZHNOhDUorKiSBkf4TLrgc]mdmiller2@h...[/url
    > Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2000 11:36 AM
    > To: basicstamps@egroups.com
    > Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] RE: How to make a PCB for my minature Robot
    >
    >
    > > Nope. We stack boards on a drill press when we make them here.
    >
    > Al,
    >
    > How do you hold your boards together while drilling? Does the drill move,
    > or the boards? The ones I have done (only single boards, not a stack), I
    > move the board underneath a stationary drill (well, I guess it's not
    > completely stationary ... it does move up and down <g>).
    >
    > In order to drill a stack, you have to make sure all your boards are
    > accurately lined up ... can you describe how you acomplish that?
    > I usually
    > cut my boards with a hobby knive, and don't get edges worthy of being used
    > as an alignment guide. Do you shear your boards? I did a little looking
    > but could not find a shear.
    >
    > Thoughts?
    >
    > -- Mitch
    >
    >
    >
    >
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 18:13
    > As I understand it, SMCs are "glued" into place, then soldered in mass in
    a
    > solder bath. I think that's what you're reading about. I'm old fashioned
    > and don't use SMCs (yet). The PCB lab I've created would let you work
    with
    > SMCs though. I feel sorry for those soldering SMCs. Its got to be hard
    on
    > the eyes.

    The last board I did I used some SMC resistors, and I must say it isn't much
    tougher to solder the component than it is to drill the .034" hole in the
    center of pads at 0.1" spacing. In fact, my next board is going to use a
    SMC processor (SX28AC/SO) so I don't have to drill the 28 holes for it!

    I love the way SMC worked. I put the processor (ie: chip about to be
    soldered) down on the board, untinned. Then, I put down a liberal amount of
    liquid solder flux. Next, after making sure the chip is lined up well, I
    solder opposite corners. After that, hold it in place with needle nosed
    pliers, or similar tool, tin your iron well, and just run it down the length
    of pins on one side ... every one, in turn, took it's solder from the tip of
    the iron. About 1/2 way down, I stopped, retinned the iron, and finished
    that side.

    -- Mitch
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 18:19
    RE: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] RE: How to make a PCB for my minature Robot

    I live in Minnesota. Do any of you guys know of a board maker shop here. I'd like to get abt 5 boards done. I like the idea of a shop making it than me doing it myself - not to mention, I will for sure screw it up if I did the boards myself.

    thanks
    nagi




    Original Message

    From: Mitchell D. Miller [noparse]/noparse][url=mailto:mdmiller2@home.com]mailto:mdmiller2@home.com[/url
    Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2000 12:14 PM
    To: basicstamps@egroups.com
    Subject: Re: [noparse][[/noparse]basicstamps] RE: How to make a PCB for my minature Robot


    > As I understand it, SMCs are "glued" into place, then soldered in mass in
    a
    > solder bath.· I think that's what you're reading about.· I'm old fashioned
    > and don't use SMCs (yet).· The PCB lab I've created would let you work
    with
    > SMCs though.· I feel sorry for those soldering SMCs.· Its got to be hard
    on
    > the eyes.

    The last board I did I used some SMC resistors, and I must say it isn't much
    tougher to solder the component than it is to drill the .034" hole in the
    center of pads at 0.1" spacing.· In fact, my next board is going to use a
    SMC processor (SX28AC/SO) so I don't have to drill the 28 holes for it!

    I love the way SMC worked.· I put the processor (ie: chip about to be
    soldered) down on the board, untinned.· Then, I put down a liberal amount of
    liquid solder flux.· Next, after making sure the chip is lined up well, I
    solder opposite corners.· After that, hold it in place with needle nosed
    pliers, or similar tool, tin your iron well, and just run it down the length
    of pins on one side ... every one, in turn, took it's solder from the tip of
    the iron.· About 1/2 way down, I stopped, retinned the iron, and finished
    that side.

    -- Mitch
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 20:03
    > How do you hold your boards together while drilling? Does
    > the drill move,
    > or the boards?

    This is an interesting idea. Perhaps one could drill four holes in each PCB
    seperately. make sure they're corner holes. Then line up the boards and
    run pins through the holes. After you clamp them, they should be perfectly
    aligned.

    I think I'll give this a try.

    Paul
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 21:39
    >I've enjoyed this thread, and look forward to the Ciarcia article, Paul.
    >Inspired me to sit down and write a few questions that have been bugging me
    >for a while.

    1) Commercial boards have the pads tinned. Can you point me to info on how
    to do it?

    2) They also have a clear or green coating on them. Not super sure what
    the purpose of it is (probably necessary for the tinning, but probably has
    other utility too). Can you point me to info on how to do it?

    3) They also have solder-through holes. Can you point me to info on how to
    do it?

    4) Then there is the frigging drilling. If you're making one or two boards
    it's no big deal drilling by hand. But if you're making dozens of them,
    there should be some semi-cheap automated punch solution available. Any
    info on that?

    5) I checked out the Kepro page you recommend. They have a solder reflow
    vertical station. Is this for the pad tinning or is it for using
    surface-mount components? Seems odd if for components that it would be a
    vertical deal. Would think you would want board horizontal for components.

    6) Lastly, wondering if your system is scalable so that one could process
    let's say four boards at the same time?

    Thanks for the info. Lots of questions but maybe the answers are useful for
    others who are interested in doing a few dozen boards.

    Rich

    >Check my article in the December 2000 Circuit Cellar Inc. My article
    >explains how I built a PCB lab for $300 that let's me design 4" X 6" PCBs
    >for less than $4.00 a piece. These are single sided and very good quality.
    >The BS/L boards I'm sending out are built with this system.
    >
    >Paul
    >
    >
    >
    >

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  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-04 22:36
    Babu, Nagi -*Contractor wrote:

    >I live in Minnesota. Do any of you guys know of a board maker shop here.
    >I'd like to get abt 5 boards done. I like the idea of a shop making it
    >than me doing it myself - not to mention, I will for sure screw it up if I
    >did the boards myself.thanks
    >nagi

    Not in Minnesota, but check out Alberta Printed Circuits at
    <http://www.apcircuits.com/>. I recommend them and others on this list have
    too.
    --
    Greg
  • ArchiverArchiver Posts: 46,084
    edited 2000-10-05 00:25
    Rich:

    The green or clear mask on the board is for wave soldering the components
    onto the board, it is called solder masking.

    Tinning can be done with some relatively inexpensive chemicals, available
    from Datak, Kepro and others.

    The plated thru holes are a bit more difficult to do at home, however there
    are "eyelets" that you can obtain, if you can find them, which serve the
    same principle.

    When doing large production runs the professionals use CNC drills to make the
    holes.

    Hope this helps some.

    Randy
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