The Silicon Doc is the original and still the primary reference for the hardware. Some instruction details are in here too.
The Hardware Manual is the beginnings of, but definitely incomplete, a more fleshed version of the Silicon Doc.
The Spin2 Documentation is the original and primary reference for the Spin2 language, and some useful info for Pasm2 too.
The Assembly Language Manual is verbose details on the instruction set. I haven't used this doc myself so I don't know how complete it is.
The Pasm2 Instructions spreadsheet is concise for looking around all the instructions quickly. This and the Silicon Doc were the best info for a long time. This is still very handy because it's all on one page.
Spec Sheet and data sheet are press release and purchasing info.
Comments
You have to search for XBYTE.
Page 24 here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gn6oaT5Ib7CytvlZHacmrSbVBJsD9t_-kmvjd7nUR6o/edit?_ga=2.240644547.1936649111.1663502886-1785724881.1639682292&pli=1&tab=t.0#heading=h.n6kli7pxhgww
Page 29 here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BuU96MnMkI0Ha1gjmtUlZPCcbGffNyZEp_1ONjLC7Vs/edit?pli=1&tab=t.0#heading=h.1ci93xb
Here: https://p2docs.github.io/xbyte.html
Some examples of bytecode executors using XBYTE:
The canonical example, Chip's Spin2 bytecode interpreter. Fairly complicated, but it's from the master himself:
https://github.com/parallaxinc/P2_PNut_Public/blob/master/Spin2_interpreter.spin2
A really simple example: https://github.com/totalspectrum/p2-jit-tools/blob/master/sample_xbyte.spin2
A somewhat less simple but more realistic example: https://github.com/totalspectrum/zog/blob/master/zog_p2.spin
The last two probably need flexspin to compile.
I need to get my head around all the different P2 manuals!