Multiple HIGH commands

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-06 09:03

Hi,
I know this may sound like a stupid question, but is there a way to have multiple HIGH commands on one line of code?
So instead of having:

HIGH 15
HIGH 14
HIGH 13
HIGH 12

It would all be put on one line. I think I have read somewhere how to do this but I cannot find where I read it at. Thanks for your help.

Zoot · 2012-10-06 09:18

OUTS = OUTS | %1111000000000000 ' set pin 12-15 high
OUTS = OUTS & %0000111111111111 ' set pin 12-15 low

or

OUTD = %1111 ' set pin 12-15 high
OUTD = %0000 'set pin 12-15 low

etc

See OUTS, INS, and their brethren OUTA, INA, OUTB, INB, etc. in the Pbasic Manual.

The above presume the pins are already outputs (HIGH makes pin an output as well). If the pins are not outputs, you need a second statement:
OUTD = %1111 ' pin 12-15 will be high if they are outputs
DIRD = %1111 ' make pins 12-15 outputs

Beau Schwabe · 2012-10-06 09:20

Check out the following commands:

OUTS    - for WORD ; bits 0 to 15
OUTL	- for BYTE ; bits 0 to 7
OUTH    - for BYTE ; bits 8 to 15
OUTA	- for NIBBLE ; bits 0 to 3
OUTB    - for NIBBLE ; bits 4 to 7
OUTC    - for NIBBLE ; bits 8 to 11
OUTD    - for NIBBLE ; bits 12 to 15

Edit: Dang Zoot beat me to it :-)

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-06 11:12

Wow, you guys respond really quickly. Thanks for the info.

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-06 11:19

I've got another question. Is there a way to have a number be input and the binary form of it be given in the OUTS form? It would be like having the user type in a number and then the program would light up a row of LEDs to match the corresponding binary digits.

Electrodude · 2012-10-06 13:18

I haven't used a BS2 in a while, but to put a byte on the bottom 8 io pins in binary:

number var byte

dirl=111111
do
 gosub get_number
 outl=number
loop

get_number:
 'get the number somehow
return

Tracy Allen · 2012-10-06 14:31

To fill in the "'get the number somehow", assuming you want to get it from the terminal

' {$STAMP BS2}
' {$PBASIC 2.5}
myByte VAR BYTE
DIRL = $FF
DO
 DEBUGIN BIN8 myByte
 OUTL = myByte
LOOP

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-07 11:18

Ok, so with your guy's help, I got the program to do the binary for the bottom 8 I/O pins like Electrodude said, but is there any way to get the binary on more than the bottom 8? Also @Tracy Allen, what does the BIN8 command do? I have tried putting it in my program in variouse places, but it always has some problem with it.

Zoot · 2012-10-07 13:15

BIN8 means that incoming data (which is *always* ASCII) is converted to "binary" 1s and 0s. If you enter "11110000" you are not really entering the binary "byte" $F0 -- you are entering 8 bytes, where each byte is either the ASCII character "0" or the ASCII character "1". What the BIN8 command does is automatically take the next 8 characters and convert each character to a binary 1 or 0 then put the resulting 8 bits into a single byte.

To set all 16 pins low/high or any combo, use DIRS and OUTS.

OUTS = word value, all 16 pins
OUTL = byte value, pins 0-7
OUTH = byte value, pin 8-15
OUTA = nib value, pins 0-3
OUTB = nib value, pins 4-7
OUTC = nib value, pins 8-11
OUTD = nib value, pins 12-15
OUT0 = pin 0
...
OUT15 = pin 15

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-07 15:14

I have tried to use the OUTS command and it works if I use it like OUTS = OUTS|%1011010111000000, but it doesnt work in my program like OUTS = number. I want the number to be Read from a Data group at the beginning of the program. It can go up to 8 digits but it wont go any more than that. Heres my program:

' {$STAMP BS2}
' {$PBASIC 2.5}
originaltime VAR Word
newtime VAR Word
number VAR Word
index VAR Word
number_storage DATA 1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096,8192,16384,32768 "Q"
time_storage DATA 5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5
OUTS = %0000000000000000
DIRS = %1111111111111111 'set all pins HIGH
DO
GOSUB get_number
GOSUB get_time
OUTS = number
PAUSE newtime
OUTS = OUTS&%0000000000000000 'turn off leds
PAUSE 100
LOOP
get_number:
READ number_storage + index, number
IF (number = "Q") THEN
GOTO finish 'stop program when "Q" is reached
ENDIF
RETURN

get_time:
READ time_storage + index, originaltime
newtime = originaltime * 100 'make time a multiple of a tenth of a second
index = index + 1
RETURN
finish:
DEBUG "Program ended"
END

I dont know what I am missing. Please help. Thanks.

Zoot · 2012-10-07 15:27

You need to do

DATA Word 11234, Word %1010101010101010

otherwise you will have bytes. Your read also would need to be

READ Address, Word WordSizedVariable

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-07 20:31

I tried adding Word where you said but it didnt work right, the leds flashed randomly. Heres the changes I made to the code:

number_storage DATA Word 1,2,4,8,16,ect

And

READ number_storage + index, Word number

I think I did it right, or did I?

Sapphire · 2012-10-07 21:29

No. You need "Word" in front of each number in the DATA statement, and you need to multiply the index by 2 in the READ statment.

number_storage DATA Word 1, Word 2, Word 4, Word 8, Word 16, Word 32, Word 64, Word 128, Word 256, Word 512, Word 1024, Word 2048, Word 4096, Word 8192, Word 16384, Word 32768, Word "Q"

and

READ 2*index + number_storage, Word number

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-08 07:13

THANK YOU! It finally worked right. Thanks to all of you for helping.

vaclav_sal · 2012-10-10 15:54

Nothing wrong with your program, but...
The binary data sequence is ripe to be replaced with ... multiply "number " by 2...
Just a sugestion.

NB_Nesquik · 2012-10-26 09:00

I just want to say thanks for all the help you guys have been, but I have another question. Can the number and time be stored in the same DATA set? Heres my program Im trying to use, but the program will never read the right number. I have tried multiplying the indexes in number and time subroutines, but nothing seems to work right.

' {$STAMP BS2}
' {$PBASIC 2.5}
originaltime VAR Word
newtime VAR Word
number VAR Word
index VAR Word

number_storage DATA Word 1,10, Word 2,10, Word 4,10, Word 8,10, Word 16,10,
Word 32,10, Word 64,10, Word 128,10, Word 256,10, Word 512,10, Word "Q"

OUTS = %0000000000
DIRS = %1111111111 'set all pins HIGH

DO
GOSUB get_number
GOSUB get_time
OUTS = OUTS&%0000000000 'turn off leds from previous round
OUTS = number
PAUSE newtime
LOOP

get_number:
READ 2 * index + number_storage, Word number
IF (number = "Q") THEN
GOTO finish 'stop program when "Q" is reached
ENDIF
RETURN

get_time:
PAUSE 500
READ number_storage + 3 * index, originaltime
newtime = originaltime * 50 'make time a multiple of a 20th of a second
index = index + 1
RETURN

finish:
OUTS = OUTS&%0000000000 'turn off leds
DEBUG "Program ended"
END

Thanks for all your help.

Zoot · 2012-10-26 12:17

Each pair is three bytes, so your read under "get_number" should be like this:

READ 3 * index + number_storage, Word number

Then, your read for getting the second "number", or third byte of each pair, should be like below. Remember, the second number of each pair is a byte, and it will be 2 bytes up from the current index:

READ 3 * index + number_storage + 1, originaltime

Aside from not reading the proper byte, your code had "number_storage + 3 * index" which is NOT the same as "3 * index + number_storage". It helps to put parentheses in, sometimes, to make clear the order of operations:

Yours:

( number_storage + 3 ) * index ' not what you want

Correct:

number_storage + ( 3 * index ) ' not what you want

Personally, I wouldn't have to separate routines for the read, I'd just do it all at once and advance the index by 3:

get_data:
READ number_storage + ( 3 * index), Word number, originaltime
IF (number = "Q") THEN
   GOTO finish 'stop program when "Q" is reached  ' off topic, but a goto in subroutine before a return is a bad habit
ENDIF
newtime = originaltime * 50 'make time a multiple of a 20th of a second
index = index + 3
RETURN

Multiple HIGH commands

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