How to deal with some character of a string !!
kevinspace
Posts: 56
Hi everybody!
How to deal with some character of a string !!
Ex :
I get a string as "SetValue100", and how to pick up the characters "100" only ?
And how to convert the "100" to a decimal value?
Are there any suggesstion or any examples ?
Thanks a lot !!
How to deal with some character of a string !!
Ex :
I get a string as "SetValue100", and how to pick up the characters "100" only ?
And how to convert the "100" to a decimal value?
Are there any suggesstion or any examples ?
Thanks a lot !!
Comments
if the position of the number is always the same
you can catch the "100"
by MyString[ 8 ], MyString[ 9 ], MyString[ 10 ]
otherways you would have o parse for characters that are digits.
Or maybe adding a special character that indicates next bytes are the number
to make a decimal number out of the Charactersequence "100" you can use the
PUB StrToDec(stringptr) : value | char, index, multiply '' Converts a zero terminated string representation of a decimal number to a value value := index := 0 repeat until ((char := byte[stringptr][index++]) == 0) if char => "0" and char =< "9" value := value * 10 + (char - "0") if byte[stringptr] == "-" value := - valuefrom the FullDuplexSerialPlus-object
best regards
Stefan
In Spin it is a few more lines, like Stefan says.
KyeDOS has some string driver code, and it has MID like in MBASIC. VAL is "DecimalToInteger". Kye wrote most of this code and I added a few things.
In the main program, define some general purpose string variables
And set up the string object
These are some code examples testing the string functions
' *************************************************************************************** 'printstring(@lineoftext1) ' testing string functions 'str.left(@lineoftext1,@lineoftext2,3) ' find leftmost characters in a string 'printstring(@lineoftext2) 'str.trimstring(@lineoftext1) 'printstring(@lineoftext1) 'str.trimstring(@lineoftext1) 'str.mid(@lineoftext1,@lineoftext2,4,2) ' find middle characters in a string 'printstring(@lineoftext2) 'printstring(str.integertodecimal(str.len(@lineoftext2),5)) 'str.copy(string("hello"),@lineoftext1) ' copy fixed value into a string 'printstring(@lineoftext1) 'str.str(@lineoftext1,55) ' decimal to string with no leading zeros 'printstring(@lineoftext1) 'str.stringfill(@lineoftext1,10,65) 'printstring(@lineoftext1) 'str.str(@lineoftext1,1234)' convert to string 'str.str(@lineoftext1,str.decimaltointeger(@lineoftext1)) ' convert back 'printstring(@lineoftext1) ' str.left(@lineoftext1,@lineoftext2,str.len(@lineoftext1)-4) ' remove extension ' printstring(@lineoftext2) ' print it outand this is the string object
{{ /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // ASCII0 String Engine // // Author: Kwabena W. Agyeman // Updated: 8/28/2010 // Designed For: P8X32A // Version: 1.2 // // Copyright (c) 2010 Kwabena W. Agyeman // See end of file for terms of use. // // Update History: // // v1.0 - Original release - 4/10/2009. // v1.1 - Made code faster - 8/18/2009. // v1.2 - Updated library functions, fixed bugs, and made code more robust against whitespace and capitalization - 7/27/2010. // // For each included copy of this object only one spin interpreter should access it at a time. // // Nyamekye, /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// }} VAR word tokenStringPointer byte decimalString[12], hexadecimalString[9], binaryString[33], characterToStringPointer, characterToString[255] PUB buildString(character) '' 4 Stack longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Builds a string from individual characters. Use "builtString" to get the address of the string. '' // '' // If the backspace character is put into the string it is automatically evaluated by removing the previous character. '' // '' // If 254 characters are put into the string all characters excluding backspace that are put into the string are ignored. '' // '' // Character - The next character to include in the string. Null will be ignored. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ifnot(characterToStringPointer) bytefill(@characterToString, 0, 255) if(characterToStringPointer and (character == 8)) characterToString[--characterToStringPointer] := 0 elseif(character and (characterToStringPointer <> 254)) characterToString[characterToStringPointer++] := character PUB builtString(resetString) '' 4 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Returns the pointer to the string built from individual characters. '' // '' // Reset - If true the next call to "buildString" will begin building a new string and the old string will be destroyed. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// characterToStringPointer &= not(resetString) return @characterToString PUB builderNumber '' 3 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Returns the number of characters in the string builder buffer. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// return characterToStringPointer PUB builderFull '' 3 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Returns true if the string builder buffer is full and false if not. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// return (characterToStringPointer == 254) PUB stringCompareCS(characters, otherCharacters) '' 5 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Compares two strings case sensitively. '' // '' // Returns zero if the two strings are equal. '' // Returns a positive value if "characters" comes lexicographically after "otherCharacters". '' // Returns a negative value if "characters" comes lexicographically before "otherCharacters". '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to a string of characters. '' // OtherCharacters - A pointer to another string of characters. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat result := (byte[characters] - byte[otherCharacters++]) while(byte[characters++] and (not(result))) PUB stringCompareCI(characters, otherCharacters) '' 9 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Compares two strings case insensitively. '' // '' // Returns zero if the two strings are equal. '' // Returns a positive value if "characters" comes lexicographically after "otherCharacters". '' // Returns a negative value if "characters" comes lexicographically before "otherCharacters". '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to a string of characters. '' // OtherCharacters - A pointer to another string of characters. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat result := (ignoreCase(byte[characters]) - ignoreCase(byte[otherCharacters++])) while(byte[characters++] and (not(result))) PUB stringCopy(whereToPut, whereToGet) '' 5 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Copies a string from one location to another. This method can corrupt memory. '' // '' // Returns a pointer to the new string. '' // '' // WhereToPut - Address of where to put the copied string. '' // WhereToGet - Address of where to get the string to copy. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// bytemove(whereToPut, whereToGet, (strsize(whereToGet) + 1)) return whereToPut PUB stringConcatenate(whereToPut, whereToGet) '' 5 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Concatenates a string onto the end of another. This method can corrupt memory. '' // '' // Returns a pointer to the new string. '' // '' // WhereToPut - Address of the string to concatenate a string to. '' // WhereToGet - Address of where to get the string to concatenate. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// bytemove((whereToPut + strsize(whereToPut)), whereToGet, (strsize(whereToGet) + 1)) return whereToPut PUB stringToLowerCase(characters) '' 4 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Demotes all upper case characters in the set of ("A","Z") to their lower case equivalents. '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to a string of characters to convert to lowercase. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat strsize(characters--) result := byte[++characters] if((result => "A") and (result =< "Z")) byte[characters] := (result + 32) PUB stringToUpperCase(characters) '' 4 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Promotes all lower case characters in the set of ("a","z") to their upper case equivalents. '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to a string of characters to convert to uppercase. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat strsize(characters--) result := byte[++characters] if((result => "a") and (result =< "z")) byte[characters] := (result - 32) PUB trimString(characters) '' 8 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Removes white space and new lines arround the outside of string of characters. '' // '' // Returns a pointer to the trimmed string of characters. '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to a string of characters to be trimmed. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// result := ignoreSpace(characters) characters := (result + ((strsize(result) - 1) #> 0)) repeat case byte[characters] 8 .. 13, 32, 127: byte[characters--] := 0 other: quit PUB tokenizeString(characters) '' 8 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Removes white space and new lines arround the inside of a string of characters. '' // '' // Returns a pointer to the tokenized string of characters, or an empty string when out of tokenized strings of characters. '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to a string of characters to be tokenized, or null to continue tokenizing a string of characters. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// if(characters) tokenStringPointer := characters result := tokenStringPointer := ignoreSpace(tokenStringPointer) repeat while(byte[tokenStringPointer]) case byte[tokenStringPointer++] 8 .. 13, 32, 127: byte[tokenStringPointer - 1] := 0 quit PUB findCharacter(stringToSearch, characterToFind) '' 5 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Searches a string of characters for the first occurence of the specified character. '' // '' // Returns the address of that character if found and zero if not found. '' // '' // StringToSearch - A pointer to the string of characters to search. '' // CharacterToFind - The character to find in the string of characters to search. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat strsize(stringToSearch--) if(byte[++stringToSearch] == characterToFind) return stringToSearch PUB replaceCharacter(stringToSearch, characterToReplace, characterToReplaceWith) '' 11 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Replaces the first occurence of the specified character in a string of characters with another character. '' // '' // Returns the address of the next character after the character replaced on success and zero on failure. '' // '' // StringToSearch - A pointer to the string of characters to search. '' // CharacterToReplace - The character to find in the string of characters to search. '' // CharacterToReplaceWith - The character to replace the character found in the string of characters to search. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// result := findCharacter(stringToSearch, characterToReplace) if(result) byte[result++] := characterToReplaceWith PUB replaceAllCharacters(stringToSearch, characterToReplace, characterToReplaceWith) '' 17 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Replaces all occurences of the specified character in a string of characters with another character. '' // '' // StringToSearch - A pointer to the string of characters to search. '' // CharacterToReplace - The character to find in the string of characters to search. '' // CharacterToReplaceWith - The character to replace the character found in the string of characters to search. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat while(stringToSearch) stringToSearch := replaceCharacter(stringToSearch, characterToReplace, characterToReplaceWith) PUB findString(stringToSearch, stringToFind) | index, size '' 7 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Searches a string of characters for the first occurence of the specified string of characters. '' // '' // Returns the address of that string of characters if found and zero if not found. '' // '' // StringToSearch - A pointer to the string of characters to search. '' // StringToFind - A pointer to the string of characters to find in the string of characters to search. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// size := strsize(stringToFind) if(size--) repeat strsize(stringToSearch--) if(byte[++stringToSearch] == byte[stringToFind]) repeat index from 0 to size if(byte[stringToSearch][index] <> byte[stringToFind][index]) result := true quit ifnot(result~) return stringToSearch PUB replaceString(stringToSearch, stringToReplace, stringToReplaceWith) '' 13 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Replaces the first occurence of the specified string of characters in a string of characters with another string of '' // characters. Will not enlarge or shrink a string of characters. '' // '' // Returns the address of the next character after the string of characters replaced on success and zero on failure. '' // '' // StringToSearch - A pointer to the string of characters to search. '' // StringToReplace - A pointer to the string of characters to find in the string of characters to search. '' // StringToReplaceWith - A pointer to the string of characters that will replace the string of characters found in the '' // string of characters to search. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// result := findString(stringToSearch, stringToReplace) if(result) repeat (strsize(stringToReplaceWith) <# strsize(stringToReplace)) byte[result++] := byte[stringToReplaceWith++] PUB replaceAllStrings(stringToSearch, stringToReplace, stringToReplaceWith) '' 19 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Replaces all occurences of the specified string of characters in a string of characters with another string of '' // characters. Will not enlarge or shrink a string of characters. '' // '' // StringToSearch - A pointer to the string of characters to search. '' // StringToReplace - A pointer to the string of characters to find in the string of characters to search. '' // StringToReplaceWith - A pointer to the string of characters that will replace the string of characters found in the '' // string of characters to search. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat while(stringToSearch) stringToSearch := replaceString(stringToSearch, stringToReplace, stringToReplaceWith) PUB integerToDecimal(number, length) '' 5 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Converts an integer number to the decimal string of that number padded with zeros. '' // '' // Returns a pointer to the converted string. '' // '' // Number - A 32 bit signed integer number to be converted to a string. '' // Length - The length of the converted string, "+" or "-" will be concatenated onto the head of converted string. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// length := (10 - ((length <# 10) #> 0)) decimalString := "+" if(number < 0) decimalString := "-" if(number == negx) bytemove(@decimalString, string("-2147483648KA"), 11) else repeat result from 10 to 1 decimalString[result] := ((||(number // 10)) + "0") number /= 10 decimalString[length] := decimalString return @decimalString[length] PUB integerToHexadecimal(number, length) '' 5 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Converts an integer number to the hexadecimal string of that number padded with zeros. '' // '' // Returns a pointer to the converted string. '' // '' // Number - A 32 bit signed integer number to be converted to a string. '' // Length - The length of the converted string, negative numbers need a length of 8 for sign extension. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat result from 7 to 0 hexadecimalString[result] := lookupz((number & $F): "0".."9", "A".."F") number >>= 4 return @hexadecimalString[8 - ((length <# 8) #> 0)] PUB integerToBinary(number, length) '' 5 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Converts an integer number to the binary string of that number padded with zeros. '' // '' // Returns a pointer to the converted string. '' // '' // Number - A 32 bit signed integer number to be converted to a string. '' // Length - The length of the converted string, negative numbers need a length of 32 for sign extension. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// repeat result from 31 to 0 binaryString[result] := ((number & 1) + "0") number >>= 1 return @binaryString[32 - ((length <# 32) #> 0)] PUB decimalToInteger(characters) | sign '' 10 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Converts a decimal string into an integer number. Expects a string with only "+-0123456789" characters. '' // '' // If the string has a "-" sign as its leading character the converted integer returned will be negated. '' // '' // If the string has a "+" sign as its leading character the converted integer returned will not be negated. '' // '' // Returns the converted integer. By default the number returned is positive and the "+" sign is unnecessary. '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to the decimal string to convert. The number returned will be 2's complement compatible. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// characters := checkSign(ignoreSpace(characters), @sign) repeat (strsize(characters) <# 10) ifnot(checkDigit(characters, "0", "9")) quit result := ((result * 10) + (byte[characters++] & $F)) result *= sign PUB hexadecimalToInteger(characters) | sign '' 10 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Converts a hexadecimal string into an integer number. Expects a string with only "+-0123456789ABCDEFabdcef" characters. '' // '' // If the string has a "-" sign as its leading character the converted integer returned will be negated. '' // '' // If the string has a "+" sign as its leading character the converted integer returned will not be negated. '' // '' // Returns the converted integer. By default the number returned is positive and the "+" sign is unnecessary. '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to the hexadecimal string to convert. The number returned will be 2's complement compatible. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// characters := checkSign(ignoreSpace(characters), @sign) repeat (strsize(characters) <# 8) ifnot(checkDigit(characters, "0", "9")) ifnot(checkDigit(characters, "A", "F") or checkDigit(characters, "a", "f")) quit result += $90_00_00_00 result := ((result <- 4) + (byte[characters++] & $F)) result *= sign PUB binaryToInteger(characters) | sign '' 10 Stack Longs '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// '' // Converts a binary string into an integer number. Expects a string with only "+-01" characters. '' // '' // If the string has a "-" sign as its leading character the converted integer returned will be negated. '' // '' // If the string has a "+" sign as its leading character the converted integer returned will not be negated. '' // '' // Returns the converted integer. By default the number returned is positive and the "+" sign is unnecessary. '' // '' // Characters - A pointer to the binary string to convert. The number returned will be 2's complement compatible. '' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// characters := checkSign(ignoreSpace(characters), @sign) repeat (strsize(characters) <# 32) ifnot(checkDigit(characters, "0", "1")) quit result := ((result << 1) + (byte[characters++] & 1)) result *= sign PRI ignoreCase(character) ' 4 Stack Longs result := character if((character => "a") and (character =< "z")) result -= 32 PRI ignoreSpace(characters) ' 4 Stack Longs result := characters repeat strsize(characters--) case byte[++characters] 8 .. 13, 32, 127: other: return characters PRI checkSign(characters, signAddress) ' 5 Stack Longs if(byte[characters] == "-") result := -1 if(byte[characters] == "+") result := 1 long[signAddress] := (result + ((not(result)) & 1)) return (characters + (||result)) PRI checkDigit(characters, low, high) ' 5 Stack Longs result := byte[characters] return ((low =< result) and (result =< high)) ' added commands J Moxham Jan 2010 PUB endsWithString(stringToSearch, stringToFind) '' 12 Stack Longs '' ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ '' │ Checks if the string of characters ends with the specified characters. │ '' │ │ '' │ Returns true if yes and false if no. │ '' │ │ '' │ StringToSearch - A pointer to the string of characters to search. │ '' │ StringToFind - A pointer to the string of characters to find in the string of characters to search. │ '' └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ return ((stringToSearch + strsize(stringToSearch) - strsize(stringToFind)) == findString(stringToSearch, stringToFind)) PUB Left(Source, Destination,Number) ' returns the left number of characters repeat Number byte[Destination] := byte[Source] Source++ Destination++ byte[Destination] :=0 ' add in the zero terminator PUB Len(Source) ' returns the length of the string return strsize(Source) PUB Mid(Source,Destination,Start,Number) ' returns strings starting at start with number characters Start-- ' so starts at the right position Source += Start ' position 1 is the first character repeat Number byte[Destination] := byte[Source] Source++ Destination++ byte[Destination] :=0 'add in the zero terminator PUB Copy(Source,Destination) ' reverse order to stringcopy. Can also use to create strings eg copy(string("test"),@lineoftext1) bytemove(Destination, Source, (strsize(Source) + 1)) PUB Str(Destination,Number) | n' convert a number to a string representation. Uses Basic syntax, ie leading character is a space if +ve, and is - if negative n := number ' temp store for at the end when add the + or - Destination += 10 byte[Destination] := 0 ' terminator Destination-- repeat result from 10 to 1 byte[Destination] := ((||(number // 10)) + "0") number /= 10 Destination-- destination++ ' points to start again repeat while byte[destination] == "0" ' while equal to zero remove this leading zero repeat result from 0 to 11 ' include the zero terminator as well bytemove(destination+result,destination+result+1,1)' shuffle to left repeat result from 11 to 1 bytemove(destination+result,destination+result-1,1) ' shuffle once to right - leading space or - byte[destination] :=" " ' leading space if positive. Can use trim to remove this if (n<0) byte[destination] := "-" PUB Stringfill(Destination, Number,AsciiValue)' fill string with a string, eg 3,65 is"AAA" and 2,32 is " " bytefill(destination,AsciiValue,Number) ' same as Basic "string$" function and can also replicate space$ byte[destination+number] :=0 ' zero terminator PUB Instr(Source,AsciiValue) | j ' find asciivalue in Source. Returns 0 if not found j := 0 repeat result from 0 to strsize(Source) if byte[source+result] == AsciiValue j := result + 1 ' basic format where 1 is the last first character of a string return j 'PUB Val(Source)' basic string to decimal value only works for integers not floating point, see DecimalToInteger above {{ /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // TERMS OF USE: MIT License /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation // files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, // modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the // Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: // // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the // Software. // // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE // WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, // ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// }}