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1 Bit variables in Propeller — Parallax Forums

1 Bit variables in Propeller

jnoguesjnogues Posts: 25
edited 2010-01-04 01:40 in Propeller 1
Hi everybody. I'm a new user of this forum and the Propeller. I have experience programming BS2 and Pic's in PBP, but
I decided go to Propeller. Now I'm starting whith spin, PropBasic and 12Blocks, but I have a little problem:
I need use 1 bit boolean functions like:

P16= (P0 & P1) | (M1 & M2)

where PX are pins and MX are 1 bit variable.
In BS2 is very simple, I do :

M1 var bit

but what could I do in Propeller?

Regards,

Jaume Nogues
Barcelona
Spain

Comments

  • omgitsaliv55omgitsaliv55 Posts: 24
    edited 2010-01-02 09:10
    I ran into this problem before. Unfortunately the Basic Stamp's support for individual bit manipulation is rarely seen elsewhere other than with other stamps. It's really just a high level function that's masked. In spin, you cannot address individual bits. The smallest variable size that spin supports is one byte. However, there is a bit manipulation object in the object exchange that you could try out.

    You could also use the DIRB register, which is just an IO register that isn't mapped to any IO lines (yet). However, in future versions of the propeller it could be, so I would use the bit manipulation object.
  • James LongJames Long Posts: 1,181
    edited 2010-01-02 09:50
    omgitsaliv55 said...
    I ran into this problem before. Unfortunately the Basic Stamp's support for individual bit manipulation is rarely seen elsewhere other than with other stamps. It's really just a high level function that's masked. In spin, you cannot address individual bits. The smallest variable size that spin supports is one byte. However, there is a bit manipulation object in the object exchange that you could try out.

    You could also use the DIRB register, which is just an IO register that isn't mapped to any IO lines (yet). However, in future versions of the propeller it could be, so I would use the bit manipulation object.

    I have had this problem before, and Mike Green has always jumped in to answer the question. Since I know the answer I'll post it here.

    Direct bit manipulation is not straight forward like on the stamp, but is pretty easy once you know the method.

    The instructions to set a bit are like the following:

    byteVar &= !Mask ' To set a bit off
    byteVar |= Mask ' To set a bit on
    byteVar ^= Mask ' To toggle a bit
    if byteVar & Mask ' To test if a bit is on
    where
    CON Mask = %10000000 ' or something similar <
    this being the bit you set.

    it should be noted that the commands are exact (Spin). If you leave out the | or any other text it will be a problem. I can never remember the key stroke for that symbol, but it can be found under help in the Propeller Tool.

    If you do not understand this, you may elect to use the object from the exchange.

    Since the operations are a little different, you may want to play with this some. I just went ahead and programmed my project only to find out, I didn't have a clue how it worked. I then had to go back and figure it out. I wrote a simple program to play with setting individual bits, but lost it recently. Well I didn't loose it, I just haven't retrieved it from a raid system yet.

    It was nice to have the program to refresh from time to time. Any time I put this code in a program, I put some notation beside it saying what it does. That will keep you straight on the operation. Good notation will save a huge amount of headaches.

    James L

    ▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔
    James L
    Partner/Designer
    Lil Brother SMT Assembly Services

    Are you addicted to technology or Micro-controllers..... then checkout the forums at Savage Circuits. Learn to build your own Gizmos!
  • RaymanRayman Posts: 14,646
    edited 2010-01-02 13:19
    I think an easy way may be to use the outb, dirb registers...
    Spin does let you manipulate bits with those...

    I just tried:

    outb:=5 'sets the whole value
    and then
    outb[noparse][[/noparse]3]~~ 'set just bit#3

    Since outb isn't really used, you can do what you like with it...

    ▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔
    My Prop Info&Apps: ·http://www.rayslogic.com/propeller/propeller.htm

    Post Edited (Rayman) : 1/2/2010 3:15:03 PM GMT

  • James LongJames Long Posts: 1,181
    edited 2010-01-02 18:59
    Rayman said...
    I think an easy way may be to use the outb, dirb registers...
    Spin does let you manipulate bits with those...

    I just tried:

    outb:=5 'sets the whole value
    and then
    outb<FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">~~ 'set just bit#3

    Since outb isn't really used, you can do what you like with it...

    Ray,

    That is a good catch, but.........I'm not sure I would do that. If you get familiar with doing the bits that way, when moving to Propeller II, you may not be allowed to do that (it may have a outb).

    James L

    ▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔
    James L
    Partner/Designer
    Lil Brother SMT Assembly Services

    Are you addicted to technology or Micro-controllers..... then checkout the forums at Savage Circuits. Learn to build your own Gizmos!
  • SamMishalSamMishal Posts: 468
    edited 2010-01-03 02:37
    Hi Jnogues,

    There is an operator in Spin that can help you very easily obtain the state of a SINGLE bit from a variable no matter which one it is.
    ·
    The operator is |<· ….. What this operator does is return a number with only ONE BIT set to 1
    ·
    Use this formula
    ···· BitStatus := AnyVariable & (|< RequiredBitNumber)
    ·
    Lets say you have a variable X and you want the 9th bit· (ie bit 8) you do this
    ·· BitStatus := X & (|< 8)
    ·
    This way you can get at any bit you want from a number just by using the formula above.
    ·
    This is in many ways equivalent to saying in BS2
    ··· BitStatus = AnyVariable.BitN···· ‘where N ist the bit number you need
    ·
    I hope this helps….if you need to read about the |< operator it is on page 160 of the Propeller manual.

    Oh and by the way the & operator is a bit wise anding ... page 164
    ·

    ▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔
    Samuel

    www.RobotBASIC.com


    Post Edited (SamMishal) : 1/3/2010 2:43:27 AM GMT
  • SamMishalSamMishal Posts: 468
    edited 2010-01-03 02:49
    Also·if you want to set (1) a particular bit in a number then do this
    ·
    ···· AnyVariable·|= |< RequiredBitNumber····· ''''' or more readable AnyVariable := AnyVariable·| !(|<RequiredBitNumber)
    ·
    oops.....above line is wrong.....here is the correct one.... the ! should not have been there....thanks Kuroneko
    ····
     AnyVariable |= (|< RequiredBitNumber)   ''''' or more readable AnyVariable := AnyVariable | (|<RequiredBitNumber)
    

    ·
    To reset (0) a bit do
       AnyVariable &= !(|< RequiredBitNumber)   ''''' or more readable AnyVariable := AnyVariable & !(|<RequiredBitNumber)
    
    

    ·
    To Toggle (0->1 or 1->0)· then do this
    ·
    ····· AnyVariable ^= (|< RequiredBitNumber)··· ·''''' or more readable AnyVariable := AnyVariable·^ !(|<RequiredBitNumber)
    ·
    oops.....above line is wrong too .....here is the correct one.... the ! should not have been there....thanks Kuroneko
    careless copy and paste ...sorry...
       AnyVariable ^= (|< RequiredBitNumber)     ''''' or more readable AnyVariable := AnyVariable ^ (|<RequiredBitNumber) 
    
    

    ·
    ·
    | is bit wise OR···· ^ is bit wise XOR··· and ! is bit wise Not
    ·
    ·

    ▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔
    Samuel

    www.RobotBASIC.com


    Post Edited (SamMishal) : 1/3/2010 4:07:11 AM GMT
  • jnoguesjnogues Posts: 25
    edited 2010-01-03 08:06
    Thanks for everybody. Now I'm traing the diferents solutions then you have posted.

    But I tink that all the solutions are more dificult using a Propeller than a BS2. Is there
    another compiler diferent to spin with 1 bit variables?

    I need reasons for change difinitely from BS2 to Propeller!!

    Jaume Nogues
    Barcelona
    Spain
  • SamMishalSamMishal Posts: 468
    edited 2010-01-03 10:11
    jnogues said...
    But I tink that all the solutions are more dificult using a Propeller than a BS2.
    Hola Juame,

    Yes....the Propeller is more difficult than the BS2....and if you are not an experienced programmer
    and you cannot understand or easily use BitWise operators using Anding/Oring/Xoring/Noting then
    MAYBE you need to stick to the Bs2 for a little while longer.

    HOWEVER, everything worth while does not come easy. Like everything in life Hay que APRENDERLO....no?
    Whenever you advance to more versatile or powerful things you have to learn how to use/do them.

    Driving a car is easy....but driving an airplane is hard but it gives you more possibilities than a car does.
    So you need to LEARN it to harness the power...
    It is not really much harder to say
    ········· Bit_State := Variable & (|< 5)
    than it is to say
    ········· Bit_State = Variable.Bit5

    Just a slight bit of syntax difference but you can soon get used to that ..... no?

    But you are right....if this is too difficult....then the other stuff which is more complicated might just be
    a little too difficult for you at this stage of your development and you are better off to stick with the
    BS2 for a little while longer.
    After all....the BS2 is a GREAT microcontroller and can do MANY MANY things and a lot easier than the
    Propeller.
    jnogues said...
    I need reasons for change difinitely from BS2 to Propeller!!
    If you find yourself doing a project where you need TWO or THREE or more BS2s to do what you need....THEN....you are
    going to appreciate the need for the Propeller.

    If you do projects where you find yourself wishing the BS2 could do two or more things AT THE SAME TIME......THEN....you are
    ready for the Propeller.

    If you do projects where you find yourself needing more I/O·PINS and more SPEED and·more MEMORY .....THEN.....you are
    in need for the Propeller.

    So if you have not come across these issues or do not even know what they mean then you are WELL SERVED by the BS2
    and you DO NOT need to move.

    But when you do.....the Propeller is there to help you and you will find that SPIN is not really harder than PBasic and with
    just a little bit of studying you will be able to HARNESS the extra power and VERSATILITY that the Propeller can give you.


    Also soon there is going to be a GREAT PBasic like language for the Propeller called PropBAsic which will be similar but not
    too similar to PBasic. It will still require some learning to use it. But probably not much.

    If you still want to learn the Propeller and you are SERIOUS about it ..... I cannot recommend anything better than
    the Propeller Education Kit and its manual......get your self one·of these and hunker down for a few Weekends or
    a few weeks and just DO IT.

    The PEK is the BEST way to learn the Propeller in a METHODICAL and EFFECTIVE way.....just do not take short cuts and
    do not JUMP THE GUN.....take it step by step and DO the exercises.....do not progress on to the next level until you are
    100% able to do the stuff you have just learnt........ you just HAVE TO DO IT.....there is no easy QUICK way......




    ▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔
    Samuel

    www.RobotBASIC.com
    ·
  • jnoguesjnogues Posts: 25
    edited 2010-01-03 14:18
    Hi Samuel.
    Thanks for your post. After reading it I decided go to Propeller, first whith PropBasic
    and after with spin. Now I go to download propBasic!!

    Regards,

    Jaume
  • SamMishalSamMishal Posts: 468
    edited 2010-01-04 01:40
    jnogues said...
    Hi Samuel.
    Thanks for your post. After reading it I decided go to Propeller, first whith PropBasic
    and after with spin. Now I go to download propBasic!!
    Con placer hijo..... me gusta que hayas decidido usar el Propeller.... no lo arrepentiras porque vale la pena.
    ·
    Dinos cómo te fue al final.
    ·
    ¡buena suerte!

    ▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔▔
    Samuel

    www.RobotBASIC.com
    ·
  • mikeologistmikeologist Posts: 337
    edited 2017-11-14 08:28
    Updating an old thread for new readers: (Mainly because I just found myself here :-) )

    The method
    var := var & (|< 5)
    
    will deliver the bit value but it is still in the 2^n position.
    In this case n=5 will set var to a decimal value of 32.

    If you need your decimal value to be only 1 or 0 based on the nth bit you need to bit shift right by n.
    var := (var & (|< 5))>>5
    
    This will give you a 1 or 0 provided n's range == [0, 31]

    Hope this helps
  • ElectrodudeElectrodude Posts: 1,657
    edited 2017-11-14 16:11
    You can eliminate the "|<" if you shift before masking:
    var := (var >> 5) & 1
    
  • You can eliminate the "|<" if you shift before masking:
    var := (var >> 5) & 1
    

    Sweet, I appreciate the update
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