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next tesla turbine question

science_geekscience_geek Posts: 247
edited 2008-11-12 01:02 in Propeller 1
http://www.hobbytron.com/NTE/html/2500to2599/NTE2582.html·i have one of the switching transistors from the supplied link, and i need an arc in the combustion chamber in order to ingite the fuel to start the engine, i thought hey, why not use the prop to start the engine since im using it to monitor the engine, as for creating the arc to start it i was thinking about using several(20ish) photo flash caps all charged and then running the duty cycle from the prop to turn the switching transistor on and off fast enough to create an arc and not completely drain the caps, my question is, will the above transistor handle the current the output of the caps can put out, and can it switch fast enough, i know it says 400v, but with a duty cycle i was wondering if it would fry it, also is there any chance of a stray voltage hitting the prop and frying it

Comments

  • Mike GreenMike Green Posts: 23,101
    edited 2008-11-10 20:54
    I think you're asking the wrong questions.

    Do you have any idea of the sort of voltage necessary to create an arc (like across a spark plug) in your combustion chamber? Do you have any idea of the amount of current involved? Do you understand how electronic ignition systems work?

    With the amount of knowledge you seem to have about this sort of stuff, you are very likely to fry your Propeller. To produce an ignition spark, you probably need about 40KV, generally produced by an ignition coil from a 250-300V pulse that could be switched by a transistor like the one you have, but more commonly by a thyristor. You probably will want an optoisolator to protect the Propeller from the high voltage in the ignition system.

    You might read through some of the artlcles on electronic ignition systems and engine control systems on the Wikipedia. There are some links, including to an "open source" capacitor discharge ignition controller that might be useful.

    Post Edited (Mike Green) : 11/10/2008 9:02:25 PM GMT
  • science_geekscience_geek Posts: 247
    edited 2008-11-10 21:41
    Air breaks down at about 30kV/cm, depending on humidity, temperature, etc i plan on using either hydrogen or propane, no idea which yet, so a 330 volt power source wont do it, i know this, so if i can get the prop to switch the caps fast enough without completely draining them, i· should be able to route the output 330 volts through a transformer and step it up to near 3300v with a 1:10 step up transformer, which can jump about 1mm, thus inginiting the gas if the gas is somewhat stationary like a pilot light in a stove, which it will probably be during initial start up.

    as far as current, when i used the cap bank with a coil of wire to make a small coil gun, i was getting about 330 to 660 amps depending on which coil i used

    as far as electronic ignition systems go, in the case of a small internal combustion engine the shaft of the piston is connected to the crank shaft which is connected to a flywheel with a magnet embedded in it, this magnet moves past a coil generating a current, this current is fed into a spark plug, also known as a high voltage tranformer, this applies a small spark across the electrods of the spark plug ingiting the fuel and causing combustion, since im dealing a type of jet engine the explosion of the fuel does not have to be timed with the movement of a piston but instead ignited at a certain rpm so that the engine can start turning on its own,

    ·
  • Mike GreenMike Green Posts: 23,101
    edited 2008-11-10 21:56
    Like I said, you're probably best off using standard electronic ignition components and circuitry. They're relatively cheap and reliable and designed for the task of ignition. The capacitor discharge ignition circuit (www.me.iitb.ac.in/~ems/dccdi.pdf) could be simplified and driven by a Propeller I/O pin. You could even use the Propeller to drive the charging circuitry using a cog counter's complementary outputs.
  • PhilldapillPhilldapill Posts: 1,283
    edited 2008-11-10 22:00
    I've played around a little with this high-voltage stuff. I don't know about your air, but the air around my place breaks down a good bit lower than yours apparently. That 30kv you specified sounds like the breakdown for a spherical surface. If you have a relatively sharp point on the spark plug, you don't need anywhere near that. Around 20kv/inch usually gives a nice bang.

    As for the 40KV to produce a spark on a spark plug... I'm pretty sure that is more like 4KV, tops.

    Anyway, science_geek, that isn't an electronic ignition system at all... That's an "electrical ignition system" if you want to call it that... An Electronic ignition system is computer controlled and uses computerized timing to dictate when to fire the spark.
  • science_geekscience_geek Posts: 247
    edited 2008-11-10 22:16
    philldapill,·you are right about the spherical discharge·voltage, when we played with high voltage in phisycs class we used large ball bearings for the electrodes, and that·is the voltage we came·up with,·as for the electrical·part in the ignition system, you are right, but i dont need the precise timing of an internal combution engine since the combustion in a jet·engine is·an almost constant explosion, so there is only an initial spark to get it started

    as for making my own·circuit i thought it would be easier and cheaper (unless i fry the prop) to do with a prop and transistor, i have used a basic stamp and a relay to pulse a 9 volt battery through several transformers and got it to·shoot lightning bolts through a disposable flash camera bulb, i thought that with the ease of use of the prop already being in·the control system i would add just one more function for·it to do
    ·
  • T ChapT Chap Posts: 4,223
    edited 2008-11-10 22:28
    This thread is not really Propeller related. A Prop can trigger anything to do anything up to a certain frequency, considering that the anything can start out with 0-3v3 to do it. It is best to discuss ignition systems and voltage requirements for making a spark in the Sandbox forum to avoid distractions in the Propeller forum.
  • W9GFOW9GFO Posts: 4,010
    edited 2008-11-10 22:41
    Just to throw some info out there- jet engines use very high energy igniters, much more energy than in automotive ignition systems. Some have radioactive materials in them. They operate (at least the ones I've had experience with) at around 10 hz and remain on until the engine reaches a certain rpm. In certain weather conditions the igniters are turned back on to ensure against a flame out. Automotive ignitions will give you quite a jolt, jet engine igniters can kill.

    It might be helpful to review the workings of a small internal combustion ignition system. Your explanation was incorrect and incomplete. No electricity passes the spark plug until the field collapses, the field doesn't collapse until the points open etc...

    Rich H
  • science_geekscience_geek Posts: 247
    edited 2008-11-10 23:07
    Originator, how does this not apply to the prop, im using the prop to monitor and control various parts of a jet engine i had an idea for, the question i asked was if the PROP could drive the·transistor·listed, which by the way is the wrong one·entered after further reading,

    W9GFO, i understand this about jet ignitors, but the jet i was thinking about making has a combution chamber that is about the size of a 2 liter bottle, not as big as the one real jets use, and im using a gas for a fuel, not an atomized liquid so a spark as large as that used in a real jet engine is not needed, it probably wont be mounted to a plane or anything more than my testing station so a flame out is no big deal, im just trying to prove my cousing wrong and that i can build something if i put my mind to it, as far as my explanation about the ignitor in a small ic engine, it was not incomplete, that is the most basic workings of an ignition system without going into great detail about the electro theory·behind it since im not using that type of igniter, i posted that because mike asked if i knew how the ignition system worked
  • W9GFOW9GFO Posts: 4,010
    edited 2008-11-11 00:32
    science_geek said...
    this magnet moves past a coil generating a current, this current is fed into a spark plug, also known as a high voltage tranformer
    I have not heard of a spark plug being also known as a high voltage transformer. That's what lead me to think that some review was in order.

    Rich H
  • DroneDrone Posts: 433
    edited 2008-11-11 07:01
    Use a glow-plug? - No high-voltage or switching issues like with spark-plugs. Glow-plugs used in model airplane engines are small and cheap. If you're building something big, maybe use a glow-plug intended for an injection diesel engine. I'm not sure how long a glow-plug would work if it is on all the time; something to consider if combustion is not self-sustaining in your turbine or if you need a constant ignition source as backup when ingesting rain, for-example.

    If you must use a spark ignition system and the turbine isn't very big, I bet there's an electronic ignition system available for four-stroke model airplane engines that might be adaptable. There are more and more model jet turbines out there these days as well, take a look at how they start those puppies up.

    Tell us more about how you're using the propeller in this application... Block diagram and/or pictures? I've seen home-brew Tesla turbines that receive air or other relatively cool fluids to drive them. I seem to remember internal combustion Tesla turbines are difficult to build as the discs at high temperature and high forces require smoothness and uniformity in order to maintain laminar flow. Materials become the issue.

    Good Luck, David
  • pmrobertpmrobert Posts: 673
    edited 2008-11-11 11:42
    I have a Prop based auto ignition working well. During testing to characterize optimum coil charge time, etc., I could generate terrifying sounding spark trains and way too much ozone(!) by sending a Ford coil-near-plug coil 2ms/250Hz pulses by means of a Prop pin switching 5v via an NPN general purpose transistor, the 5v switching a Fairchild logic level gated IGBT designed for vehicle ignition purposes which then handled the coil charge and flyback pulse management. $5 worth of parts (most of that the IGBT) exclusive of the coil which I had laying around and may have paid as much as $1 from a junkyard somewhere in the past. Of course, this is abuse of a Prop to dedicate it solely to ignitor generation. A sub-$1 very small uP and 10 lines of assembler would do the same thing and quite probably do away with the need for the 3.3->5v conversion transistor.

    Post Edited (pmrobert) : 11/11/2008 12:05:20 PM GMT
  • Graham StablerGraham Stabler Posts: 2,510
    edited 2008-11-11 12:26
    I'm confused, what sort of engine are you starting, I thought a Tesla turbine took in compressed gas?

    Graham

    p.s. an arc and a spark are not the same thing
  • pmrobertpmrobert Posts: 673
    edited 2008-11-11 12:39
    I'm pretty sure he's thinking of using a gas generator like the DIY guys use for the gas turbine gizmos using auto turbochargers as the turbine/compressor. If it is, they use either a spark plug or a furnace ignitor to light off and sometimes sustain them, depending on how good/lucky they are building the flame holder. Rapid repetitive sparking seems to work well for them. Of course, that's all supposition on how the OP's planning on generating an energetic working fluid to drive the Tesla and I could be completely incorrect.
  • PhilldapillPhilldapill Posts: 1,283
    edited 2008-11-11 14:22
    Yeah, I was thinking the same Graham. A tesla turbine uses the compressed air to "pull" sets of disks that are connected to the rotor. There isn't any sort of ignition that I know of...
  • TeslaTesla Posts: 55
    edited 2008-11-11 20:47
    Just FYI.....a spark plug on a car is 40kv +. 30kv per inch is at 1 atm pressure. In a combustion camber in car the pressures exced 130psi which in turn raises the breakdown voltage even farther.

    Also most car ignition coils are operated in a flyback mode.
  • science_geekscience_geek Posts: 247
    edited 2008-11-11 23:09
    what im thinking of doing is something like a turbocharger jet engine, like seen on youtube, the image i have attached is a very basic graphic to help me explain, air flows in through the compressor side, which is shaped just like a turbocharger and uses the concept of a tesla turbine being used as a pump, this part may not be just a tesla turbine, but a cross between a bladed tubine and a tesla turbine, this would compress the air and shoot it into the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is a cylinder so when the compressor adds the compressed air it shoots it in tangent to the outside of the cylinder, here is where things get tricky to explain with words, when the air mixes with the air it creates a high·speed vortex of fuel air mixture, this mixture then ignites and makes the vortex spin even faster and gives it much more intensity, this vortex then burns all the fuel by the time it gets to the turbine stage since it has a very long travel path, this means that there is no need for an after burner, also there is no need for a flame holder since the vortex can hold the flame very well,·as it enters the turbine stage it travels through the pipe that is tangent to the outside of the combustion chamber this helps to even out the flow of the burning gases and makes it a little more laminar so that it doesnt cause a turbulent flow over the discs, the discs spin up and the gases exit

    we have tested and confirmed that the tesla turbine will work for the compressor as it can put out a high volume of air at 20,000+ rpm to sustain a super heated flame, we have tested and confirmed the combustion chamber and have found that a combustion chamber the size of a colemen propane tank will get us a flame that can burn 90% alcohol mixture and sustained by a smooth flow of air, it does get a little hot so we are looking at making it either out of titanium or making a cooling system to cool the outside of the combustion chamber, one thing that we did find out during testing was that if we achieved optimal conditions we could get the vortex to pull away from the outside of the combustion chamber about 1/4 of an inch, which we think may be enough to allow the combustion chamber to cool enough to keep from melting, we also found out that the vortex wasnt as broken up as we thought it would be and that by containing the vortex in a sealed container with one output hole would cause the vortext to give a pretty laminar flow out the output,

    we havent been able to finish the engine for 2 main reasons and a few other that arnt that hard to overcome, one of the big reasons is that the temperature coming out of the combustion chamber can easily melt the steel discs we are useing, we found this out by holding one over the output of the combustion chamber and it started to flex and melt, the other is that in order to run this engine for a long time we need to have a turbine chamber that can withstand immense amounts of heat, one solution to this we came up with is a titanium aluminum alloy, and we would get heat sink fins milled into the outside and maybe even look at·liquid cooling, some of the minor things is money and the fact that one of my cousins working with me lives about 4 hours away and doesnt come over often,

    the reason for the electrical ignition that i have questioned about is that it is minimaly invasive and a central post coming close to the output of the fuel injector would ignite the fuel very quickly and it wouldnt impede the flow of the vortex created
    1094 x 593 - 23K
  • Graham StablerGraham Stabler Posts: 2,510
    edited 2008-11-12 00:12
    So you are trying to make a bladeless gas turbine engine of sorts.

    The part about burning the fuel making the vortex stronger sounds tenuous to me.

    Graham
  • pmrobertpmrobert Posts: 673
    edited 2008-11-12 01:02
    Placing your spark right at the fuel source would place it in a probable non-combustible area that is too rich to actually ignite. Please don't blow yourself up and read up on flammability ranges, thermo-d laws, etc.. H2 may work with your scheme at a range of 4-75% but is also very hazardous in the case of a small leak or bad start or any other way for it to escape unburned to an ignition source. You have an interesting idea but it would likely take a buck or several thousand to bring it to even early testing, IMHO. Hint: Inconel is less expensive than Ti, nearly as heat resistant and a whole crapload easier to fab. However, Inconel, Ti (and most high temp alloys) are horrendously expensive and require experts familiar with them to safely fabricate objects from them. Again, please be careful and don't attempt to release energy from any process or device you do not completely understand and have been successfully and thoroughly educated about!
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