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Park transformation for motor control — Parallax Forums

Park transformation for motor control

The Park or d/q-transformation is useful when controlling AC motors or brushless servo motors. It transforms currents or voltages from a three phase system with stator reference into a rectangular coordinate system that is referenced to the rotor. The output can be treated as if the motor was a DC machine. After calculations (PID control) are done the values are transformed back to the three phase system using the inverse Park transformation. The results can then be output to a three phase power stage.

The calculation of the matrix coefficients and the matrix multiplication normally are very complex operations. You'd need sine tables and lots of multiplications filling multiple pages with hundrets of instructions. But not on the P2 where this can be done quite elegant and efficient with the CORDIC solver.
{ Park transformation

  Park matrix: [+cos(T) +cos(T-120°) +cos(T+120°)]
               [-sin(T) -sin(T-120°) -sin(T+120°)]

  PM x (Iu Iv Iw) = (Id Iq)

  Id:=  Iu*cos(T) + Iv*cos(T-120°) + Iw*cos(T+120°)
  Iq:= -Iu*sin(T) - Iv*sin(T-120°) - Iw*sin(T+120°)

  QROTATE performs x:= D*cos(S) - Q*sin(S)
                   y:= D*sin(S) + Q*cos(S)

  So the matrix multiplication can be carried out with 3 QROTATE operations
  with Q=0, summing up the X/Y results and then scaling them by 2/3.

  x1,y1:= QROTATE Iu,T
  x2,y2:= QROTATE Iv,T-120°
  x3,y3:= QROTATE Iw,T+120°
  Id:= 2/3 * (x1 + x2 + x3)
  Iq:= -2/3 * (y1 + y2 + y3)
}

parkTrafo	qrotate	actU,theta	' input: actU,V,W, theta
		sub	theta,angle120
		qrotate actV,theta
		add	theta,angle240
		qrotate actW,theta
		sub	theta,angle120
		getqx	actD
		getqy	actQ
		getqx	x
		getqy	y
		add	actD,x		' output: actD, actQ
		add	actQ,y
		getqx	x
		getqy	y
		add	actD,x
		add	actQ,y
		scas	actD,##$2AAA	' *= +2/3
		mov	actD,#0
		scas	actQ,##$D555	' *= -2/3
		mov	actQ,#0
		ret

angle120	long	$5555_5555 ' 120° as unsigned long
angle240	long	$AAAA_AAAA ' 240°

Comments

  • cgraceycgracey Posts: 14,133
    Right on!!!
  • And here is the inverse:
    { Inverse Park transformation
    
      Park-1 matrix: [+cos(T)      -sin(T)     ]
                     [+cos(T-120°) -sin(T-120°)]
                     [+cos(T+120°) -sin(T+120°)]
    
      IM x (Vd Vq) = (Vu Vv Vw)
    
      Vu:= Vd*cos(T)      - Vq*sin(T)
      Vv:= Vd*cos(T-120°) - Vq*sin(T-120°)
      Vw:= Vd*cos(T+120°) - Vq*sin(T+120°)
    
      So the matrix multiplication can be again carried out with 3 QROTATE 
      operations. But this time 2 input operands are used and only the X
      result is taken.
    
      Vu:= QROTATE Vd,Vq,T
      Vv:= QROTATE Vd,Vq,T-120°
      Vw:= QROTATE Vd,Vq,T+120°
    }
    inverseTrafo	setq	dutyQ
    		qrotate dutyD,theta
    		sub	theta,angle120
    		setq	dutyQ
    		qrotate	dutyD,theta
    		add	theta,angle240
    		setq	dutyQ
    		qrotate	dutyD,theta
    		sub	theta,angle120
    		getqx	dutyU
    		getqx	dutyV
    		getqx	dutyW
    		ret
    

    I forgot to say that I use 16 bit signed format for all current and voltage values. This should be sufficient for most applications. The CORDIC even could do full 32 bit resolution, only the scaling had to use 32 bit multiplication instead of the SCAS instructions. The angle (theta) has to be left adjusted.
  • I can see you selling out to Siemens before long :lol:
  • I was looking for this the other day! Great timing @ManAtWork

    We really need a wiki for gems like this. There are so many of these golden nuggets that get buried under the sheer volume of posts.
  • evanhevanh Posts: 15,126
    Cool! Beyond my knowledge for sure.

    JRoark,
    Cluso's sticky will do for the moment - https://forums.parallax.com/discussion/169542/p2-links-for-where-to-obtain-tools-sample-test-code-reference-only

  • High-speed HDMI and USB enabled multi-channel 3-phase AC motor controller with built-in performance logging to SD anyone?
  • cgraceycgracey Posts: 14,133
    What are you saying, AJL?
  • jmgjmg Posts: 15,140
    cgracey wrote: »
    What are you saying, AJL?

    I think what AJL is talking about, would be quite useful in motor research labs, where the display could graph real-time effects and measurements, and the USB/SD allow easy changes for testing.

    There are also wireless power transfer projects, where that combination would be very nice to have.
  • roglohrogloh Posts: 5,122
    edited 2020-02-06 03:54
    Multi motor controller / sequencer with inbuilt touchscreen GUI to configure it all from the P2 plus some power FETs etc. Sounds good for some custom CNC or other general motor control applications needing manual configuration options and other information status display. Probably lots of fun applications there, assembly line process control, robotics etc.
  • JRoark wrote: »
    I was looking for this the other day! Great timing @ManAtWork
    We really need a wiki for gems like this. There are so many of these golden nuggets that get buried under the sheer volume of posts.

    Yeah, agreed. I thought about putting this into OBEX (GIT hub). But these "nuggets" are part of a bigger puzzle which still has to be put together. So I think I'll wait until all the interfaces are clear. A piece of assembler code alone is not very useful to anyone else except as example to learn from.
  • jmg wrote: »
    cgracey wrote: »
    What are you saying, AJL?

    I think what AJL is talking about, would be quite useful in motor research labs, where the display could graph real-time effects and measurements, and the USB/SD allow easy changes for testing.

    There are also wireless power transfer projects, where that combination would be very nice to have.

    That and probably more.
    I was hinting at all the great experimentation possibilities in one board with the P2 at the heart of it, and only really needing power drive stages to support it.
  • It's far to early to promise anything but I thought of probably releasing my single axis servo controller project as open source or some sort of reference design. I'm not sure if it makes sense to put some of the code to the OBEX library. If I program for my own project I can hard code the pin numbers, buffer sizes and things like that. It is much more work to write a general purpose library where everything must be configurable and more robustness (range checking and error handling) is required.
  • cgraceycgracey Posts: 14,133
    > @ManAtWork said:
    > It's far to early to promise anything but I thought of probably releasing my single axis servo controller project as open source or some sort of reference design. I'm not sure if it makes sense to put some of the code to the OBEX library. If I program for my own project I can hard code the pin numbers, buffer sizes and things like that. It is much more work to write a general purpose library where everything must be configurable and more robustness (range checking and error handling) is required.

    All that extra code can make things less understandable. For learning, something simpler with maybe hard-coded values is okay because it lets the concept shine through more clearly.
  • In the old OBEX, there was a distinction between ready-to-use libraries and "snippets". Does this destinction exist in the Git repo?
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