Print Menu on 4x20 LCD?

computer guy · 2010-01-12 11:32

Hi,

I need to store the following data in my code and call it later, does anyone know how I can?

Text              Function

Menu
&#9500;&#9472;Date/Time       goto "Date/Time" menu
&#9474; &#9500;&#9472;Set Date      goto "Set Date"  menu
&#9474; &#9474; &#9500;&#9472;Day         goto "Set Day"   menu
&#9474; &#9474; &#9500;&#9472;Month       goto "Set Month" menu
&#9474; &#9474; &#9492;&#9472;Year        goto "Set Year"  menu
&#9474; &#9492;&#9472;Set Time      goto "Set Time"  menu
&#9474;   &#9500;&#9472;Hour        goto "Set Hour"  menu
&#9474;   &#9492;&#9472;Minute      goto "Set Min"   menu
&#9492;&#9472;Timer           goto "Timer"     menu
  &#9500;&#9472;Duration      goto "Set Duration" menu
  &#9492;&#9472;PreHeat       goto "Set PreHeat"  menu

A multidimensional array was my first idea, however this isn't supported in SPIN.

Any other ideas?

Thank you

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Post Edited (computer guy) : 1/15/2010 12:00:35 PM GMT

Graham Stabler · 2010-01-12 12:28

You could create the same functionality as a matrix (2D array) with a 1D array:

1 2
3 4

Where the numbers are the element in the 1D array.

You then write a simple function getelement(row, column) which will convert the specified row and column into a 1D index of the 1D array. You can also do the same for 3D matrices.

Graham

computer guy · 2010-01-12 12:31

Hi Graham,

Could you please explain this in more detail. I kind of see what you are saying but not entirely and to be honest I think I am just getting more confused every time I try and make sense of it.

Thank you

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Graham Stabler · 2010-01-12 13:39

I drew a 2D array, an array with two columns and two rows. This can be how you think about your data however the actual data can still be stored in a single 1D array. Take this 3X3 array:

r1c1 r1c2 r1c3 r2c1 r2c2 r2c3 r3c1 r3c2 r3c3

So the first element is row 1 column 1, the second is row 1 column 2. It is a 1D array representing the following 3X3 array:

r1c1 r1c2 r1c3
r2c1 r2c2 r2c3
r3c1 r3c2 r3c3

Your function would be designed to get a particular element from the 1D array given the specified row and column. In this case which is not very accurate because the first element is 1 not 0 like in spin then you would have

1D_index = (row*3) - 3 + (column - 1)

(row*3)-3 gives you the address of the first element of a particular row to which you add the column to get the particular element

How you use this for your particular application I am not sure but it was you that suggested multidimensional arrays [noparse]:)[/noparse]

Graham

computer guy · 2010-01-12 13:50

My idea was to have multiple arrays and then use the index as an ID field that links the arrays. Is this similar or am I missing the point?

MenuName[noparse][[/noparse] 0] := "Date/Time"
MenuName[noparse][[/noparse] 1] := "Set Time"
MenuName[noparse][[/noparse] 2] := "Set Date"

MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 0] := DateTime
MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 1] := SetTime
MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 2] := SetDate

MenuParent[noparse][[/noparse] 1] := 0
MenuParent[noparse][[/noparse] 2] := 0

Thank you

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Graham Stabler · 2010-01-12 14:57

I honestly don't know if you missed the point or not, I was just showing a fairly typical way of implementing a 2D array.

Graham

mpark · 2010-01-12 16:40

computer guy said...
...

MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 0] := DateTime
MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 1] := SetTime
MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 2] := SetDate

If I understand correctly, you want to store pointers to three routines in the MenuFunc array so that later you can invoke one dynamically based on an index into the array. Unfortunately, Spin does not allow this.

Graham Stabler · 2010-01-12 18:48

mpark said...
computer guy said...
...
MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 0] := DateTime
MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 1] := SetTime
MenuFunc[noparse][[/noparse] 2] := SetDate
If I understand correctly, you want to store pointers to three routines in the MenuFunc array so that later you can invoke one dynamically based on an index into the array. Unfortunately, Spin does not allow this.

But you could store a label that you fed into a case statement, each case being a different function.

Graham

computer guy · 2010-01-12 22:05

Graham,

Graham Stabler said...

But you could store a label that you fed into a case statement, each case being a different function.

Thats what I was planning to do.

Can you have an array of strings and if so, what datatype would I use?
e.g.

PUB main
  Array := [noparse][[/noparse]"Test", "Test2", "Test3"]
  debug.str(Array[noparse][[/noparse] 0])

or

DAT
  Array     Byte    "Test", "Test2", "Test3"

PUB main
  debug.str(Array[noparse][[/noparse] 0])

Thank you

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Post Edited (computer guy) : 1/12/2010 10:13:20 PM GMT

Mike Green · 2010-01-12 23:34

Nope. You can't have an array of strings. Strings are already arrays of bytes and you can't have arrays of arrays except with HomeSpun. What you can do is have an array of string addresses that points into an array of bytes. Look at FemtoBasic near the beginning where there's a table of keywords.

VIRAND · 2010-01-12 23:42

I am not sure what language you are familiar with that gives you that structure,
but lets say it is C which I can understand but not write.
Don'y you have to define the structure yourself?

I think the way people have been suggesting is to figure out what the structure looks like in memory and then
make arithmetic that converts your indexes into a single index. That requires memory allocated for all possible
array values fields.

The alternative is to have variable length strings which can be null and require 1 or less bytes if they are empty,
like a lot of classic (1980s) BASICs do. In SPIN you would have to manage all elements of all arrays within one
string, and I guess each element would have pointers to other elements to create a tree structure, or whatever
structure works well for you. This method may or may not require "garbage collection" (if the array gets full and
elements are often changing size or being removed)... Perhaps there are newer ways of doing this. I still think like
it's 1980 and need to conserve RAM, which is appropriate for Propeller. If you use an SD card for storage,
different rules apply that I don't yet know well enough to explain, but may be better for your data structure,
because they have gigabytes.

Post Edited (VIRAND) : 1/13/2010 1:44:44 AM GMT

computer guy · 2010-01-13 00:13

Wow. This is getting really complicated.
Thank you all for your help though.

I will explain what I am wanting to do.
I have an lcd display (4x20) and 4 buttons (Up, Down, Ok, Back) and I want to build a menu structure and make it possible to go into sub menus.
This entire concept is new to me.

Thank you

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Post Edited (computer guy) : 1/13/2010 12:18:06 AM GMT

MagIO2 · 2010-01-13 07:45

So, what you need is a structure in memory that describes a menu and stores the text to display and some functions for displaying parts of the menu.

dat
mainmenu word @mm_entry1, @mm_entry2, @mm_entry3, @mm_entry4, @mm_entry5, 0
 
submenu1 word @s1_entry1, @s1_entry2, 0
submenu2 word @s2_entry1, @s2_entry2, @s2_entry3, 0
 
mm_entry1  byte "mm entry 1 text",0
mm_entry2  byte "mm entry 2 text",0
mm_entry3  byte "mm entry 3 text",0
....
s2_entry3  byte "s2 entry 3 text",0

This would be a data structure for your problem.
Then you need a function that can print the menu on the LCD display, like

printMenu( menu_address )
and maybe
scrollMenu( start_with_entry )

Next is a input loop, which will react on the user input and a big case statement that is calling the right functions.

pub main
  printMenu( @mainmenu )
  menu_entry_focus := 0
  menu_level_iterator := 1
  menu_level_mask := $f
 
  repeat
    key := keyboard.getKey
    if key==level_up_key
      menu_level_iterator >>= 4
      menu_entry_mask >>= 4
      menu_entry_focus &= menu_entry_mask        ' delete the part of the previous level
      key:=ok                                    ' this will then reprint the menu
    case key
      up:
        menu_entry_focus:=menu_entry_focus - menu_level_iterator
        ' check that it's not negative
        ' if focus is outside of the lines currently displayed, call scrollMenu
      down:
        menu_entry_focus:=menu_entry_focus + menu_level_iterator
        ' check that it's not bigger than the number of entries in the active menu
        ' if focus is outside of the lines currently displayed, call scrollMenu
      ok:
        case menu_entry_focus
          $0:
            printMenu( @submenu1 )
            menu_level_iterator <<= 4
            menu_entry_mask := menu_entry_mask << 4 | $f
          $1:
            printMenu( @submenu2 )
            menu_level_iterator <<= 4
            menu_entry_mask := menu_entry_mask << 4 | $f
          $2:
            ' this is not a submenu, so you simply call the function behind this entry
            callWhatever
          ....

With the menu_level_iterator you keep track of the route you used to go to the actual submenu. The main-menu currently can have 16 entries (because I used <<= 4, 4 bits = value 0-15·). So, the first digit of the hexadecimal menu_entry_focus will tell you which entry in the main menu has been selected. The entry selected in the next menu-level will be shown in the second digit of the hexadecimal. For example
$21 means that first submenu 2 has been selected in the main menu and then entry 3 has been selected.

As we have longs in SPIN you can have a menu structure with 8 levels and each submenu can have 16 entries. Should be enough.

So, in the case statement you would add a value for every possible menu and sub-menu entry. And on this level you can decide whether the selected entry directly calls functions or would lead to a deeper level submenu.

Hope that helped more than it confused ;o)

PS: This is not tested code, I just hacked it for this post. I bet there are some minor bugs, but it should show the principle. (For example $0 is a bug. $0 should rather print the main menu and the first submenu can be selected with $1 ;o) So, in fact you only have 15 entries per menu-level, as the $0 of each level is needed for redisplay the submenu·when going up and down in the menu levels.

Post Edited (MagIO2) : 1/13/2010 7:54:02 AM GMT

MagIO2 · 2010-01-14 19:52

Got silent in this thread! Either it worked, or you still digest what I wrote!?

computer guy · 2010-01-14 22:19

I am still digesting. lol
Thank you

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computer guy · 2010-01-15 06:16

Ok.... I'm stuck on how to "print menu".
Tried a few things, with interesting results but not what it should output.

Thank you

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computer guy · 2010-01-15 23:51

Why doesn't

LCD.str(mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0])

output the string contained in mm_entry1?

Thank you

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MagIO2 · 2010-01-16 00:06

I worked with pointers in a dat for another thing yesterday and found out that somehow the pointers in a dat section have other values than in the SPIN code.

For example:

tv.dec( @table )
tv.dec( table_adr )

dat
table_adr word @table
table byte 0[noparse][[/noparse]10]

shows tow different results. Maybe it even get's worse when you use several dat section and that one with the menu is somewhere at the end.

For me it worked to add 16 to the value - possibly the 16 bytes that contain the clock-settings and some SPIN pointers.

It also works to do a
dat
org 16

PS: It's clear where the 16 comes from. It's the·propeller-tool 'internal' dat-section which is used to store the clock-settings and some SPIN pointers.

Post Edited (MagIO2) : 1/16/2010 12:11:32 AM GMT

Paul Sr. · 2010-01-16 00:14

... so try LCD.str(@mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0])

mojorizing · 2010-01-16 00:18

Computer Dude,
here's my example of a menu driven 4 button 4X20 LCD code. It's for a hand held diagnostic tool for car. Disregard the PUB PROCESS_ECU , that's not finished in this version of my scantool, but gives an example how the LCD and push buttons work. This was actually ported from the SX forum from a post with me and JonnyMac talking about this same thing but with the SX.

'' Scantool ver.1

'' File: Scantool1.spin
''
'' PUB MAIN could have repeat functions
'' 
''
CON
  _clkmode = xtal1 + pll16x        'Sets the clock speed to 80 MHz using a times 16 multiplier
  _xinfreq = 5_000_000             'Crystal speed: 5 MHz

  LCD_Pin                       = 10                        
  LCD_Baud                      = 19_200                   
  LCD_Lines                     = 4
  
   
  Btn_Up                        =11   'Left_Button 
  Btn_Down                      =12   'Middle_Button
  Btn_Select                    =13   'Right_Button
  Btn_Escape                    =14   'bottom button

  Enable_K_line                 =15
  K_Line_Rcv                    =16                
  K_Line_Xmtr                   =17
  L_Line                        =18

  Off                           = 0
  On                            = 1  

VAR
                      
  LONG  Stack0[noparse][[/noparse]150]        'FOR UPDATES_LCD
  LONG  Stack1[noparse][[/noparse]150]        'FOR PROCESS_ECU
  LONG  Stack2[noparse][[/noparse]150]        'FOR BUTTON_PUSH
  '==========UPDATE LCD
  BYTE  MENU
  BYTE  SUBMENU
  BYTE  FUNCTION
  BYTE  CURRENTMENU
  BYTE  CURRENTPROMPT
  BYTE  txByte             ' transmit byte
  BYTE  rxByte             ' recv byte
  '==========PROCESS ECU
  BYTE  NumOfBytes
  BYTE  Counter
  BYTE  Command
  BYTE  Index
  BYTE  Text[noparse][[/noparse]20]
  '==========BUTTON PUSH
  BYTE  Button_Push_Flag   
  
OBJ

  LCD           : "Serial_Lcd"
  HANDSHAKE     : "Simple_Serial"           ' intialize
  COMMS         : "Simple_Serial"           ' comunication
  
PUB Start

  DIRA[noparse][[/noparse]15]~~
  OUTA[noparse][[/noparse]15]~~                     'Enable transciever high
  DIRA[noparse][[/noparse]18]~~
  OUTA[noparse][[/noparse]18]~                      'Enable L_line low
  
  HANDSHAKE.start(1, L_Line, 5)   'setup L_Line  parameters     
  'COMMS.init(K_Line_Rcv, K_Line_Xmtr, 9800)
   
  CogNew(UPDATES_LCD, @Stack0)                  
  CogNew(PROCESS_ECU, @Stack1)
  CogNew(BUTTON_PUSH, @Stack2) 


PUB UPDATES_LCD  |  mnuStr, offset, TEMP
      
  If LCD.init(LCD_Pin, LCD_Baud, LCD_Lines)     'Initialize LCD
    LCD.Cursor(Off)                         
    LCD.Backlight(On)                       
    LCD.Cls
    PAUSE(100)      '100ms
Repeat
  LCD.Line_1
  offset:= BYTE[noparse][[/noparse]@LineOffset + MENU]     'need to initialize menu
  LCD.str(@Prompt + offset)

  LCD.Line_2
  case MENU
    0: mnuStr := @Menu0
    1: mnuStr := @Menu1
  offset:= BYTE[noparse][[/noparse]@LineOffset + CURRENTPROMPT]
  LCD.str(mnuStr + offset)
  
  LCD.Line_3
  TEMP := lookupz( MENU : 6, 3, 3 )
  IF CURRENTPROMPT == TEMP
    offset := 0
  ELSE
    offset := offset + 21
  IF MENU == 0
      mnuStr := @Menu0
  IF MENU == 1
      mnuStr := @Menu1
  IF MENU == 2
      mnuStr := @Menu2
  
  LCD.str(mnuStr + offset)
 
  LCD.Line_4
  offset := offset + 21
  TEMP := lookupz( MENU : 6, 3, 3 )
  IF CURRENTPROMPT == TEMP
    offset := 21
  ELSE
    TEMP := lookupz( MENU : 5, 2, 2 )
    IF CURRENTPROMPT == TEMP
      offset := 0
  IF MENU == 0
      mnuStr := @Menu0
  IF MENU == 1
      mnuStr := @Menu1
  IF MENU == 2
      mnuStr := @Menu2
  LCD.str(mnuStr + offset)
  
PUB PROCESS_ECU

 
    NumOfBytes := comms.rx                              'recv number of bytes          
    comms.tx(!NumOfBytes)                               'send complement
    Counter := comms.rx          'recv counter         
    comms.tx(!Counter)           'send complement    
    Command := comms.rx                                 'recv Command        
    comms.tx(!Command)           'send complement    use value of Command to direct flow
    IF Command == $F7            'ACK Block                         
      comms.tx($09)              'send ACK Block
    IF Command == $F6            'text to follow
      Text := 0
      Repeat Index from 0 to (NumOfBytes-3)             ' recv the correct number of bytes
          Text[noparse][[/noparse]Index] := rxByte
          comms.tx(!rxByte) 
    IF Command == $FB           'ADC read


    IF Command == $FC           'Error memory read


    IF Command == $F5           'actuator activate - response to a selection


'master
 'start with Menu and Submenu
 'use CASE to branch to correct process  if menu ==1 and submenu ==2 then ......

    comms.tx($03)     
PUB BUTTON_PUSH  | newstate, oldstate, xstate, TEMP
'  Btn_Up                        =11   'Left_Button 
'  Btn_Down                      =12   'Middle_Button
'  Btn_Select                    =13   'Right_Button
'  Btn_Escape                    =14   'bottom button
' have all the possible commands for selection, with a command flag.  PROCESS_ECU will then use this to make a case selection.
   oldstate := inA[noparse][[/noparse]14..11]   ' initial state of input pins
   REPEAT
     newstate := inA[noparse][[/noparse]14..11]   ' current state of input pins
     xstate := newstate ^ oldstate & newstate   ' detect change of 1 to 4 bits, 0->1
     oldstate := newstate   ' push state down
     
     IF xstate & |<0            'the bits 14..11 are shifted to 3..0 in xstate
       PAUSE(40)                 ' call method for Pin11 up
       REPEAT until inA[noparse][[/noparse]11]
       -- CURRENTPROMPT
       TEMP := lookupz( MENU : 6, 4, 3 )
       IF CURRENTPROMPT == $FF
        CURRENTPROMPT := TEMP
                   
     IF xstate & |<1
       PAUSE(40)                 ' call method for Pin12  down
       REPEAT until inA[noparse][[/noparse]12]
       ++CURRENTPROMPT
       TEMP := lookupz( MENU : 6, 4, 3 )
       IF CURRENTPROMPT > TEMP
        CURRENTPROMPT := 0
     
     IF xstate & |<2 AND  Button_Push_Flag := Off       'can't select if currently processing a command 
      PAUSE(40)                 ' call method for Pin13  select
       REPEAT until inA[noparse][[/noparse]13]
       ++ Menu
       SUBMENU := CURRENTPROMPT
       CURRENTPROMPT := 0
       Button_Push_Flag := On   'selection has been made, not processed
       
     IF xstate & |<3
       PAUSE(40)                ' call method for Pin14    escape
       REPEAT until inA[noparse][[/noparse]14]             
       -- MENU
       CURRENTPROMPT := 0
       
    PAUSE(40)

PUB PAUSE(millisecs)                          'As set up here it is .25 millisceconds
  waitcnt(((((clkfreq)/1000))*millisecs) +cnt)   'Osc speed is 40 MHz

PUB L_LINE_HANDSHAKE (ADDRESS)
    HANDSHAKE.tx (ADDRESS)    
  
DAT
Prompt
        BYTE  "Select System       ", 0 'MENU = 0
        BYTE  "Select Function     ", 0 'MENU = 1

MENU0   ' use with "Select Device:" and "Up     Down   Select" 
        BYTE " Motronic           ", 0  'CURRENTPROMPT = 0
        BYTE " Climate Control    ", 0  'CURRENTPROMPT = 1
        BYTE " ABS                ", 0  'CURRENTPROMPT = 2
        BYTE " Airbag             ", 0  'CURRENTPROMPT = 3
        BYTE " Tiptronic          ", 0  'CURRENTPROMPT = 4
        BYTE " Alarm              ", 0  'CURRENTPROMPT = 5
        BYTE " PDAS               ", 0  'CURRENTPROMPT = 6

MENU1
        BYTE " Error codes        ", 0
        BYTE " Clear codes        ", 0
        BYTE " Actual values      ", 0
        BYTE " Activate outputs   ", 0

MENU2
        
LineOffset
        BYTE  0, 21, 42, 63, 84, 105, 126, 148, 169   ' line width + 1 (for 0)

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computer guy · 2010-01-16 00:19

Adding 16 worked great. Thank you MagIO2

Edit:
I have this so far and it's printing the menu to the LCD (it only has two items at the moment)

repeat i from 0 to strsize(mainmenu)
    LCD.str(mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse] i] + 16)
    LCD.putc($0D)

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Post Edited (computer guy) : 1/16/2010 1:31:15 AM GMT

MagIO2 · 2010-01-16 00:22

sorry paul, but that's definitely wrong! We are not interested in the address of the variable mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0], we want to access the address stored in mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0].

LCD.str( mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0] )

is correct. mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0] only does not contain what we expected ... see my post above.

MagIO2 · 2010-01-16 00:25

I'd prefere the ORG version, as then you can be sure it's done at compile-time.

If you say

LCD.str( mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0]+16 )

the calculation is done at runtime, wasting speed and RAM for additional code.

computer guy · 2010-01-16 00:29

mojorizing, Thank you for sharing your code however I find it really confusing. I think it may be a bit more complicated than I need.

Thank you

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computer guy · 2010-01-16 00:36

MagIO2 said...
I'd prefere the ORG version, as then you can be sure it's done at compile-time.

If you say

LCD.str( mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0]+16 )

the calculation is done at runtime, wasting speed and RAM for additional code.

Could you please explain "ORG" to me. I tried putting "ORG 16" at the start of the DAT section and removing the + 16, however this didn't work.

Thank you

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computer guy · 2010-01-16 01:38

Perhaps someone is able to write a printmenu function for me that outputs.

>Menu Item 1
 Menu Item 2
 Menu Item 3

From the DAT structure that MagIO2 provided.
Please...?

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mpark · 2010-01-16 01:43

In general you can't add the offset at compile time (it isn't always 16). Look up the @@ operator in the manual.

computer guy · 2010-01-16 01:51

Thank you mpark, however where would I use this? @@ is not valid in the DAT section.

Thank you

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mpark · 2010-01-16 01:57

Instead of
LCD.str( mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0]+16 )
try
LCD.str( @@mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse]0] )

computer guy · 2010-01-16 02:06

Thank you mpark

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computer guy · 2010-01-16 03:14

I currently have:

PRI printmenu(menuptr) | i

  LCD.cls
  LCD.backlight(true)
  i := 0
  repeat
    if i == 0
      LCD.str(string(">"))
    else
      LCD.str(string(" "))
    LCD.str(@@mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse] i++])
    LCD.putc($0D)
  while mainmenu[noparse][[/noparse] i] > 0

and it's working great.

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"powered by Propeller" domed stickers $1.50 - Find them here
Check out my Design and Technology project for my Higher School Certificate www.ecosureblog.net

Print Menu on 4x20 LCD?

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